Plastic rings for wells, parameters and method of using modern plastic products

Different types of wells are used in household plots, such as:

drinking;
shower;
drainage;
sewer

How are they installed? The most common method is to construct a well with concrete walls. Less common are welded structures or structures with brick walls.

All these options have one significant drawback: lack of tightness. In addition, under the influence of moisture, underground structures will collapse over time. But all this does not apply to plastic wells. They will be discussed later in the article.

Classification methods: types and sizes

Plastic rings are used in arranging communications of all types. Therefore, if we take into account the scope of application, we can select products for a well (drinking water), for a septic tank or sewerage system. It is convenient to divide products according to the material from which they are made; in this case the following options are possible:

Made from polyethylene. The main advantages of plastic are its long service life and indifference to significant temperature fluctuations (from -50 to +70°C), which allows its use in most climate zones. Polyethylene rings have a multilayer structure, which increases their strength and resistance to aggressive environments; installation does not require special skills and knowledge.
Made from polypropylene. Durable and resistant to abrasion, polypropylene plastic rings can withstand temperatures up to +120-140°C without changing their performance properties. Polypropylene is a chemically resistant material that is not afraid of aggressive organics; To increase frost resistance, stabilizing additives are introduced into its composition.

Rings and additional elements Source montagtrub.ru

Made from fiberglass. Fiberglass, which is part of the polymer, gives the products particularly high wear resistance. They are not subject to corrosion, are durable, do not break down when working in aggressive environments, and are safe to maintain since they do not conduct electricity. The main disadvantage is the high cost.

The dimensions of plastic structures are standardized as follows:

Inner diameter (with and without bottom): 60, 68, 80, 90 cm.
Outer diameter: 65, 73, 85, 95 cm.
The height varies depending on the type of product (stacked or solid), from 20 to 150 cm.
The lid is selected according to the size of the neck. The internal diameter varies from 55 to 90 cm, the external diameter - from 60 to 95 cm.

Storage volume for a cottage

The optimal sump capacity for a private home can be calculated as the product of the number of residents and the daily water consumption per person (200 liters), multiplied by 3 (a three-day supply).

For sewerage in a house with four residents, the volume is calculated as follows:

4*200*3 = 2400 l.

However, it should be understood that the GOST consumption of 200 liters per person is rare in practice. The water consumption will be slightly less. However, if both a large wash and bathing procedures for the whole family happen on the same day, then the volume of waste into the sewer can far exceed the standard. Accordingly, it is best to focus on a more capacious septic tank.

In addition, for effective self-cleaning of wastewater, it must stand for at least a couple of weeks. Therefore, when making calculations, it is worth taking not a three-day supply, but a fifteen-day supply.

The most probable volume of wastewater per person is taken to be 100 liters.

4*100*15 = 6000.

The result is 6 cubic meters, which is approximately what most popular models of plastic settling tanks are designed for.

Benefits of use

The use of plastic in the installation of communications simplifies the progress of work and subsequent operation due to its improved physical and chemical characteristics. The advantage of polymer rings for wells is expressed in the following advantages:

Improved physical properties. Plastic, unlike ring concrete, does not require maintenance or repair. The design maintains original performance characteristics over a wide range of operating temperatures.

Comparison of the characteristics of plastic and reinforced concrete Source seti.guru

Inertness The polymer is resistant to any organic and inorganic substances contained in water and soil, as well as to most technical compounds (chemicals, oils).
Improved wear resistance. Plastic retains its strength for 45-50 years of service.
You can refuse additional waterproofing. You will not have to spend additional time and money, as is the case with a concrete structure that needs to be treated with waterproofing compounds. To ensure that the system does not allow water to pass through, it is necessary to follow the installation technology.
Light weight. A standard concrete ring weighs about 600 kg, while a plastic ring weighs less than 50 kg. Transportation and installation are greatly simplified.
Environmentally friendly. Modern polymer materials are completely safe for health. Due to their inertness, they do not emit harmful substances under any operating conditions.

The drainage well protects the adjacent area from flooding Source novoe-mesto.ru
The only thing in which plastic products are inferior to their concrete counterparts is cost. However, the owners who made the choice in favor of plastic were convinced that it was completely justified, since it eliminated many problems during the operation of the products:

They do not need to be cleaned, since the smooth walls do not form plaque suitable for the development of microorganisms.
They maintain good tightness and are not afraid of soil movements.
They are not afraid of periodic freezing and thawing.
If necessary, they can be equipped with additional accessories, for example, a hatch, a ladder, a neck.

See also: Catalog of companies that specialize in water supply, sewerage and related work

Manufacturing of reinforcing frame

The use of reinforcement makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the ring, and therefore its weight. At the same time, the strength characteristics of the product and its service life increase.

For the reinforcing frame you will need:

steel rods with a diameter of 8-10 mm (10 pieces);
steel wire with a diameter of 8-10 mm (about 5 m);
thin wire.

Calculate the length of the frame. To do this, recall the formula for calculating the circumference: the number Pi (equal to 3.14, rounded to 3) must be multiplied by the diameter. We take the diameter of the circle to be 104 cm so that the frame runs in the middle of the concrete ring.

We multiply this number by 3, we get 312 cm. Divide this number by 10, we get 31.2 cm. Round up to 31 cm. So, we lay out the steel rods on a flat surface at a distance of 31 cm from each other.

Next, we weld pieces of wire 315-318 cm long to them at intervals of 160 mm. We take the wire a little longer than the calculated length of the frame, so that when rolling the workpiece into a ring, you can weld its ends or twist it.

We manually bend the mounting loops from thick steel wire and weld them to the frame (you can screw them with thin wire). That's it, the frame is ready. If you don’t have a welding machine, then all the frame elements can be twisted with thin wire.

Wire frame for reinforcing the reinforced concrete ring in Fig. B consists of steel rods, rings and four loops welded to wire. In Fig. A concrete ring without a frame with holes instead of lugs for lifting. For reinforcement, only one wire ring is laid on top of the holes (+)

Functionality and scope

The main way of using polymer products in the private sector is in wells for drinking water. Another area of use is drainage and sewer systems, and in private households - a septic tank.

The bottom is made of the same material as the body Source seti.guru

Plastic rings intended for sewerage can be divided according to purpose into the following types:

Observations. Without them, normal functioning of sewer pipelines is impossible. With their help, they carry out maintenance, monitor the condition of the system, and deliver equipment. They are installed at places of rotation, connection, change in slope or diameter.
Absorbent. They are needed where it is impossible to drain wastewater, for example, in private septic tanks. Drainage material (crushed stone, broken brick, gravel) is poured into their bottom.
Water intakes. The accumulated water is diverted somewhere else: into a drainage system, into an open reservoir or ditch. For water intake wells, it is important to have a sealed plastic cover. It helps to avoid sewer overflow when water comes in quickly (for example, after heavy rain).

When there is no central main line nearby, an autonomous sewer system can be built without the use of a septic tank. To do this, the bottom of the well, mounted from plastic rings, is supplemented with a kineta - a special tray with pipe connection points. The system will allow waste to be discharged evenly.

A well for sewerage, next to it is the bottom (sink) Source ytimg.com

With the help of plastic well rings it is convenient to restore dilapidated structures, concrete, brick, earthen. To update the source, just select rings with a smaller diameter and install them in one of the following ways. The space between the old and new walls is filled with sand.

Frequently asked questions

During the construction of a septic tank, the same type of questions often arise, which are easier to answer in advance:

How to protect a septic tank from seasonal soil movements?

No one can give a 100% guarantee here. If the composition of the soil layers is replete with clay layers, it is necessary to take any measures to prevent frost heaving - make drainage, increase the backfill layer, insulate the bottom of the pit.

Will the septic tank freeze in winter?

Fermentation processes taking place in the chambers produce heat. In addition, the temperature of the wastewater, as a rule, is high enough to maintain the thermal regime in the chambers. Even in the northern regions, septic tanks are capable of supporting the vital activity of bacteria that cannot withstand negative water temperatures.

There is often advice online to locate overflows below the ground freezing level. How critical is this?

This rule applies only to regions with shallow freezing depth. In most regions with harsh climates, pipes are insulated by installing a foam shell, or by filling them with polystyrene foam granules.

If the rings are not equipped with a bottom, is it possible to install them on a concrete screed?

Can. This will require additional effort and time of pouring until structural strength is achieved. However, if there is no alternative, you have to fill the bottom yourself.

What reserve volume of a septic tank is best to set when performing calculations?

As a rule, they expect 2 more users to appear.

Which sewer pipes are best to use for overflows?

The best option is red PVC pipes. However, you can install asbestos-cement or cast iron pipes.

Construction and details

By design, polymer wells are divided into the following types:

Prefabricated. They are assembled directly at the installation site using the groove connection principle. Prefabricated products are lightweight and can be installed alone.
Monolithic (seamless). A convenient option for arranging a drinking well. The polymer pipe is immersed inside the aquifer; it is sealed enough to protect the water from contamination.
Welded. Made from polyethylene, used for sewerage.
Any plastic well, regardless of the material of manufacture, includes the same set of parts:
Bottom. Durable and thick cast part. The bottom can be blind, through or tray (the latter has guides for diverting the flow).

Construction of a sealed plastic well Source oboiman.ru

Well (chamber). The main element is in the form of a smooth or corrugated pipe of large diameter with thick walls.
Hatches, covers. Appearance depends on the purpose. The blind hatch prevents debris, groundwater and sediment from entering the well shaft. Lattice models are used in combination with storm drainage systems.
Ring. Designed to regulate the height of the polymer well.
Caisson. It is used to create a waterproof working chamber in water-saturated soil or to protect the well from contamination.
Accessories. Necks (most often present on inspection wells), reinforced steps for wells.

There are more specialized varieties. For example, a well for a well has a relatively small body diameter. Additionally, it is equipped with corrugations that help to effectively withstand soil pressure; Stiffening ribs also help with stability.

The neck is an essential part of many products Source oboiman.ru

How to restore a well with plastic rings

Plastic well rings are rarely used for self-installation. With their help, concrete structures that have lost their tightness due to long-term use and wear, broken installation technology, or soil pressure that has caused displacement of parts are brought back to life. The occurrence of a problem is judged by the following signs:

Damages or defects in a shaft that are visible to the naked eye.
A sharp decrease in water level (unless this is due to seasonal changes or, for example, to a deeper mine dug in the neighborhood).
The water became cloudy and a foreign smell appeared.
The bottom silts up, impurities appear (sand, clay, soil), cleaning does not help.

The operation of the well can be restored using polymer rings. Repair work is carried out in the following order:

The well frame (ground part) is dismantled.
The water is pumped out using a pump.
If necessary, the walls of the well are disinfected.
Remove debris, sand, and silt from the bottom.

Composite blank for a well Source seti.guru
Restoration begins three days after preparation, for which the following actions are performed:

Plastic rings are connected into a single structure. If the bottom surface is not smooth enough, it is first updated by adding sand, crushed stone or broken brick.
Additionally, the seams can be treated with a sealant (for example, silicone).
The space formed between the plastic and the soil is filled with sand.
After completing the work, wait until the well fills on its own. Then install a drainage pump and pump out the water several times until it becomes clear.

A backfill is made between the plastic and the soil. Source ytimg.com

How to make the right choice

When choosing polymer rings for a sewer or drinking well, you must be guided by the following criteria:

The price of polymer products depends on the type and quality of the material, wall thickness, dimensions and design features (for example, the number of pipes).

Different types of drainage wells Source colodec.ru

Monolithic and prefabricated models are offered on the market; the latter are more expensive.
A monolithic body cannot be used in all cases. It is durable, withstands compression well, but is only suitable for shallow mines, and it is impossible to build it up.
A well of any height can be made from prefabricated products; at the junction of individual elements there is a sealing ring responsible for the tightness. In general, the design is more flexible than a monolithic one, but the more connections there are, the greater the likelihood of leaks.
Models with pipes save time: you don’t have to cut in the pipes yourself.

Installation of a caisson for a well Source proraboff.rf

Conclusion

Self-construction of a septic tank using concrete rings will cost much less than purchasing a ready-made polypropylene septic tank. In addition, the volume and other parameters of the treatment system can be set based on your needs. However, you should not count on a too cheap and fast procedure - you will have to spend money on purchasing materials and paying for equipment.

Before starting work, you should carefully think through the progress of construction and calculate how expensive it will be. This will help you avoid unnecessary costs and get an effective and durable septic tank made of concrete rings.

Briefly about the main thing

Plastic rings simplify the construction of a drinking well; they eliminate the need to install concrete rings or line the internal walls with bricks. The materials used are plastics with different properties; some are extremely resistant to aggressive environments, others tolerate negative temperatures well.

In the private sector, plastic structures are most often used for the restoration of drinking wells, installation of wells and sewage systems. They can be prefabricated, welded and seamless, differ in size and the presence of additional elements.

Ratings 0

Read later

Installation of plastic rings for technical wells

The process of installing a plastic sewer well or a well for any other purpose is not much different from that described. The difference can only be when installed on soils prone to heaving. In this case, there is a possibility that the container will be pushed upward. To avoid this, plastic rings for the well are secured. The most commonly used term is “anchoring”, and the process of pushing out is called “floating”.

One of the options

The traditional solution is to dig a pit a little deeper than required and make a gravel or sand-gravel cushion at the bottom. An “anchor” - a concrete slab - can be placed on this pillow. This can be a ready-made stove or a homemade one. The dimensions are larger than the bottom of the well. The slab must have hooks or “ears” to which plastic rings are attached with cables (stainless or polymer). Then the gap between the walls of the dug hole and the well is filled up. For heaving soils, it is better to use medium or coarse gravel rather than “native” soil.