Rules for replacing a gas water heater in an apartment - important tips and nuances

Out of sight: making a box for a gas water heater

For redevelopment and renovation to look perfect, you need to hide all communications from prying eyes. They cannot be sewn into walls due to fire safety reasons. Therefore, it is best to hide the pipes under plastic boxes. It is best to purchase collapsible boxes.

Another option is to make a box from plasterboard. The advantages of the latter are that you can make a wide variety of box shapes and, thanks to this, create a non-standard room design. Such boxes can be painted to match the color of the walls or covered with wallpaper, as a result of which they become completely inconspicuous against the general background. The surface of the boxes itself can be used for hanging decorative interior items or dishes.

Fundamentally: in similar boxes it is necessary to make inspection hatches that provide access to communications. It is best to make the plasterboard boxes collapsible - then in case of critical situations they can simply be removed rather than broken.

The hood from the gas water heater, going to the top, can be disguised with a multi-level ceiling or a large plasterboard box.

Alternative methods of heating water

If we are talking about apartment buildings, the only alternative to a gas water heater may be an electric analogue, but the cost of electricity will be much higher than that of gas. If we are talking about a country house, then here we can consider the options of gas boilers, indirect heating boilers, solar systems and gas storage water heaters. The last three have several advantages: a constant supply of hot water, operation at any flow rate, the ability to create a recirculation circuit that provides stable hot water near water points.

Owners of gasified apartments who at one time replaced old gas water heaters with modern ones are being fined en masse. And if the gas water heater is located in the bathroom, gas workers require that the water heating equipment be moved to the kitchen. How realistic is it to fight off these claims through the courts? The publication “Arguments and Facts Stavropol” talks about this in detail.

Residents are outraged by gas workers' demands

Large-scale inspections of in-house gas equipment began after the explosion in Magnitogorsk. In Stavropol, gas workers, representatives of the administration and Stroyzhilnadzor were not allowed to open the door in 690 apartments out of 13 thousand. And not by chance. Where they managed to get in, the inspectors found a lot of violations, issued 534 orders, and turned off the gas in six apartments. But judicial practice has shown that claims were not always legal.

Many citizens, for example, were required to move gas water heaters from the bathrooms, where they were installed according to the design in accordance with the old building codes. Those who replaced the old water heater in the bathroom with a new one were included in the violators: they say, according to the new standards, installing a water heater in the bathroom is prohibited.

For Elena Erokhina, in an old house on Lenin Street, the water heater in the bathroom was replaced many years ago by the gas workers themselves, putting a corresponding stamp in the passport of the gas appliance. The services responsible for chimneys have no complaints. “But the gas workers are demanding that the water heater be moved to the kitchen. They brought me a notice that said that after the third warning my gas would be turned off,” said the apartment owner.

Many of her neighbors, as Nikolai Barobin, the eldest in the house, say, have the same situation. That's why people hide from inspections.

“The worst thing, in my opinion, is that these residents, based on their requests, are denied maintenance until they move the pump,” Nikolai Petrovich worries.

The courts rule the ban on installing a geyser in the bathroom illegal

The urban planning committee of the Stavropol administration began filing lawsuits against those who do not comply with the instructions to move the pump. In them, officials ask the court to declare the reconstruction of residential premises illegal and demand that they be brought to their original condition, that is, to remove the existing gas appliances and install those that were there 40 years ago.

Residents of Bratsky passage, where all the houses originally had speakers in the bathroom, Lyubov Zueva and Anatoly Kulikov won the case against the committee.

In both cases, the plaintiff was unable to prove that residents violated the rules for the provision of public utilities, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354, and unauthorizedly connected to utility networks or made changes to them. Both defendants had contracts with Gorgaz and certificates of acceptance of maintenance work, which proved that residents had been conscientiously maintaining the equipment in working order for many years.

The court also considered the requirement to restore the premises to their original condition, that is, to return the old water pump, as unfounded. Only those who have re-arranged utility networks or equipment without permission from the administration can be forced to do this. But reconstruction, according to Part 1 of Article 25 of the Housing Code of Russia, is something that requires changes to the technical passport of the residential premises. And it, as follows from Article 19 of the RF Housing Code, does not contain information about the make and model of the installed gas equipment. This was confirmed by Stavkraiimushchestvo (formerly BTI), issuing a certificate stating that when replacing a gas appliance, no changes need to be made to the registration certificate.

Which houses does the ban on geysers in the bathroom apply to?

In the case of Lyubov Zueva, the judge also indicated that she would not physically be able to fulfill the demands of the town planning committee: the Terek water heater, which was replaced by Astra, has long been disposed of, and new water heaters of this brand are no longer produced or sold.

“I still had to pay a fine of a thousand rubles for unauthorized installation of a water dispenser, because they threatened to turn off the gas,” explains Lyubov Vasilievna. “There’s no point in challenging him—I’ll waste more nerves and time.” Although their claims are unfounded. When the old water heater failed, I ensured safety: I called a gas worker from Gorgaz, with whom a maintenance contract was concluded, he changed the device, and for 11 years no one cared about it. And then suddenly they “swooped in.”

There are many more similar lawsuits in the courts. Stroyzhilnadzor for the Stavropol Territory, which supported the demands of gas workers during inspections in the Bratsk passage, admitted that its residents were right. In one of the latest letters from the department it is reported that SP 62.13330.2011 “Gas distribution systems”, according to which they are trying to force people in old houses to move the speakers from the bathroom to the kitchen, applies only to new buildings, reconstructed and subject to major repairs. This is exactly how the Russian Ministry of Construction requires this set of rules to be applied, as explained in Order No. 138 of February 27, 2015.

Over time, any household water heater can stop working. Replacing a gas water heater yourself is an unsafe task that can lead to an emergency. To avoid undesirable consequences, we advise you to familiarize yourself with the requirements and standards for installing or replacing instantaneous water heaters.

Freestanding geyser - what can be done

So, how to hide a gas boiler or water heater without moving the pipes and the unit itself?

make an art object out of the column.

In this case, the column , on the contrary, will attract attention. But this will affect the overall design and create a non-standard interior. The column can be covered with painting or decorated with various stickers. The painting can be aimed at a specific topic, abstract. This will make it an independent decorative element.

disguise.

The column is painted to match the color of the kitchen unit. This will make it inconspicuous against the general background with a minimum of repair costs.

Design options for autonomous hot water supply

There are two ways: installing a meter on the hot water pipe with monthly transmission of zero readings and officially disconnecting the apartment from the hot water supply.

Option with counter

Nowadays, most houses require that meters be installed on all communications. If you already have meters, there will be no problems.

If they are not there, do this:

• Install the boiler by connecting it to the cold water supply system;
• Buy a hot water meter and turn off the tap at the inlet.

Advice. When choosing, pay attention to the performance characteristics - some devices are installed only on cold water supply.

The meter in the photo can operate at water temperatures up to 900

• Install it on the DHW pipe. To do this, you need to write an application to the management company for the installation of metering devices;
• Call representatives of the management company to seal the meter and transfer the initial readings to the computer center.

Advice. At the same time, we recommend placing the meter on cold water. Paying by meter is often more profitable than paying by tariff.

This option has a great advantage: if the water heater breaks down or if there is a power outage in the apartment, you will only need to open the tap on the hot water pipe and use hot water from the central system.

When using such a scheme, the following rules must be observed:

• Submit meter readings monthly, even if they have not changed as a result of not using the centralized supply;
• Once every six years (check with your supplier for the period), check the device by calling a heating network representative to your home.

Checking the meter at home

Advice. Instead of checking, you can replace the meter with a new one. It is inexpensive, and the sealing service is provided free of charge.

Option with disconnection from the system

You can completely turn off the hot water supply in your apartment by cutting off the pipe or making a rupture in it.

• First you need to make a request to the management company or housing and communal services to disconnect from the city hot water network;
• Then, using the departmental plumber, make visible breaks in all outlets from the hot water supply risers and plug them;

• Call a representative of the supplier to seal and draw up a report on disconnection from the network. From this moment on, charges for hot water supply stop;
• Install a water heater with piping.

Connection diagram of the boiler to the water supply system

The disadvantage of this option is the complete lack of hot water in case of power outages or boiler breakdown.

Note! The fact of disconnection from the city hot water network must be confirmed annually. Why is it necessary to call a representative of the supplier to draw up a report on disconnection and the presence of seals. Otherwise, after a year, the payment column for hot water supply according to the standards will return to the payment bill.

How to place a gas water heater

If the column is just being installed, then there are several methods for doing this:

• apart;
• in the corner of the room;
• in the middle of the room between the furniture.

the gas itself is already installed, then in the interior of the kitchen during its renovation you can either play with it or hide it from view. The option of moving the column is likely, but this path is associated with obtaining permission to move gas pipes from the relevant authorities, which, firstly, is difficult to do, and secondly, will not be cheap. It’s easier to create a kitchen design with a gas boiler in such a way as to play up its presence in its original place. This is completely possible and redevelopment will not be useful.

Gas ignition methods

Columns have several types of ignition, but they all have one thing in common - the main burner of the device is ignited using a water unit, which sends a signal to supply gas.

Otherwise, all speakers can have the following types of ignition.

1. Ignition from a piezoelectric element. A manual control option in which the power button is located on the external panel of the device. When it is pressed, the piezoelectric element ignites the igniter, which ignites the main column. This ignition method has one drawback - the igniter must be turned off manually. If this is not done, it will continue to burn, which will lead to excessive gas consumption and the formation of scale on the walls of the tubes.
2. Battery powered. In such models, a signal is first sent from the rod, and then an electric spark ignites. In such designs, the role of the igniter is played by special electrodes - the main burner is ignited directly from them. One of the disadvantages of such models is the need to regularly change batteries. At a minimum, this should be done once every 10 months, and with regular use - every 2 months.

3. From a hydraulic turbine. In some cases, gas ignition can be achieved using a rotating turbine, which is driven by water pressure. In such columns, the main burner is also ignited by an electric spark, but there is no need to monitor the batteries. This is due to the fact that the turbine itself generates the necessary electricity when rotating. Dispensers with a hydraulic turbine are not very common in Russia. This is due to the need to ensure sufficient pressure in the pipes. The column will operate at a pressure of at least 0.3 bar. But this condition is not guaranteed everywhere.

What you should know when remodeling a kitchen with a gas heater

There are several strict rules for placing a geyser in the interior. They are designed to ensure the safety of people and prevent tragedy. You need to know these main rules so that remodeling a kitchen with a heater and stove does not end in trouble. It must be taken into account that:

• It is forbidden to place the water heater above the gas stove - there should be more than 10 cm between the stove and the water heater;
• It is not allowed to place the column in a confined space where there is no air circulation;
• a distance of more than 3 cm must be maintained from the column to the nearest structures;
• in order to prevent a fire from occurring next to the speaker, you should not glue wallpaper or other flammable finishing materials;
• pipes with gas supply to the column cannot be walled up in the wall.

About ignition and safety systems

Nowadays, flow-through heaters are equipped with manual and automatic ignition systems. In the first case, a spark on the igniter is created by a piezoelectric element, activated by a button on the front panel. Then the wick burns constantly, regardless of how the gas water heater operates. You can extinguish the pilot light only by shutting off the fuel supply.

Electronic ignition occurs automatically when the DHW tap is opened. The spark is created on the igniter from the energy of two round batteries; their charge lasts for approximately a year. The wick does not burn continuously; it goes out immediately after the main burner starts. In the same way, but without batteries, the igniter is turned on by a spark created by a hydrogen generator. Its turbine is driven by water pressure and produces electricity.

All dispensers use the following safety features in accordance with regulations:

• if there is no draft in the chimney, the valve will close the fuel supply according to the sensor signal;
• if the pressure in the gas line drops or is turned off, the gas valve will operate;
• when the flame dies out, the corresponding sensor will be activated and the fuel line will be closed.

In order to save the heat exchanger of the geyser, many models of devices are additionally equipped with a temperature sensor and a safety valve.

Position of the speaker in the furniture

• the column can be placed between cabinets;
• The column is installed in a cabinet.

When placing the speaker between cabinets, it can be made completely inconspicuous, even if it was initially placed very unsuccessfully in the middle of the room. With all this, remodeling a kitchen with a gas heater and stove is not useful. So that the column does not catch your eye despite all this, it should be painted the same color as the hanging cabinets nearby.

Fundamentally: In this case, the side panels of the slate need to be made of non-combustible material.

Another good method for hiding gas boiler in the kitchen is to place it in a closet. In this case, it is very important to properly prepare the cabinet by modifying it. It needs to remove the bottom, back panel, top. This, firstly, will ensure air flow to the column, and secondly, it will facilitate the supply of communications. The speaker is hidden from view by a cabinet door.

Fundamentally: The height of the slates must correspond to the height of the column. In this case, a kitchen design with a hot water heater or a wall-mounted gas boiler will be ideal. Also, do not forget to make additional holes in the side walls for ventilation.

You can renovate a kitchen with a gas boiler and stove so that the redevelopment of the room will lead to the placement of a column in the corner of the room. This is a more average placement, because after placing cabinets on both sides of the column, it will become completely unnoticeable, even if you don’t hide it in the closet itself.

So, the question of how to hide a water heater or gas boiler in the kitchen should not cause tension. This can be done entirely on your own, provided you carefully consider the location of the furniture and options for masking the speaker.

Institutions and standards

Fortunately, when replacing an old column with a new one, it is possible to get by with only the last pt. In general, you may still be required to provide a home plan to ensure that there are no alterations. The fact is that it does not matter which apartment is suitable for installing a gas water heater.

Strictly speaking, there is only one main requirement. Gas equipment must be installed in non-residential premises. In other words, these are utility units: kitchen, etc. In general, all requirements for installing a speaker are aimed only at ensuring safety. If the gas device is placed where people are, then in the event of a leak of blue fuel, the consequences can be very tragic.

For example, during sleep you will not sense the presence of gas in the air. Well, rooms are usually not equipped with ventilation; we’ll talk about this in more detail below. In general, only rooms are provided for dispensers where gas can be quickly removed without causing harm to human health.

In addition, there are other regulations that must be followed. Thus, the cubic capacity of the room must be more than 7.5 cubic meters, and the ceilings must rise above the floor by at least 2 meters. This volume will allow you to avoid quickly obtaining a high concentration of propane in the event of a leak.

In addition, the room must have a glass window. With all this, it must open. In the event of the same leak, there should be the possibility of quick ventilation. The same requirements apply to the door - its presence is one of the indispensable aspects. If the kitchen is separated from the living areas by an arch or simply a passage, this must be corrected even before installing the column.

If your home has wooden walls (or covered with flammable material), then a fireproof layer must be laid between them and the chimney. Usually, basalt or mineral wool is used as it. Combustion products have a high temperature, and in the absence of fire-resistant material, the possibility of fire is high. If you laid this wool when installing the first column, then it is worth replacing the layer with a new one. This way you guarantee yourself that the material has the necessary heat-resistant properties.

READ The effect of laser hair removal on reproductive function

Security sensors

A geyser can be dangerous, because it is connected simultaneously to water and gas mains, each of which individually can pose a threat.

If there are problems with the gas or water supply, safety sensors turn off the operation of the column, and special valves will shut off the water or gas supply.

Typically, geysers can withstand voltages of up to 10-12 bar, which is 20-50 times higher than normal pressure in pipes. Such sharp jumps are possible with so-called hydraulic shocks.

But if the pressure is lower than 0.1-0.2 bar, then the column will not be able to work. You need to carefully study the instructions and specifications before purchasing to understand whether the dispenser is optimized for low water pressure in pipes in the CIS countries and whether it will work properly. And vice versa - will it withstand sudden changes in pressure, which, alas, is also not uncommon in our conditions.

Ignition circuit for a burner powered by an electric spark. Locations of the main safety sensors for a household geyser

In general, a modern geyser contains many safety sensors. All of them, in case of breakdown, can be replaced.

More details about the purpose and location of the sensors are in the table below.

Signs of membrane failure

How do you know when it's time to change the rubber diaphragm? You need to pay attention to:

TRANSFER OF GAS PIPE AND STOVE IN THE APARTMENT. Regulations/Law/Fines. Gas riser in the kitchen.

• The pressure force of gas and water in the system. Open the tap, count how many liters are consumed per minute. Normally there should be at least 2-3 liters. The gas supply can be calculated visually by looking at the strength of the fire.
• Flame placement. In devices with wick ignition, the fire should glow from the edge of the burner and be more than 3-5 cm high. Doesn’t match? Then check the jets for blockages. After cleaning, look at the flame again. If the situation has not changed, the problem is in the diaphragm.
• Equipment with piezo ignition should click when the button is pressed. This means that the diaphragm has worked. If you can't hear any sounds, the part may be damaged or torn.
• In some models, a rod that controls the operation of the control unit will help you find a breakdown. Remove the protective cover and open the water. If the rod does not move, the diaphragm needs to be replaced.

Once you have found the breakdown, you need to select the correct replacement part.

Main characteristics of the speakers

Now let's talk about the practical aspects of using the speaker. One of the main characteristics is performance. It directly correlates with power, which is indicated in kW and shows the volume of water heated per minute by 25 °C.

The characteristics are usually indicated in the device passport. A regular water heater heats 10-20 liters of water per minute at 25 °C, although this value can vary significantly.

Another characteristic of modern speakers is power modulation. It shows how the power of the column can change depending on the flow of water and is measured as a percentage of the initial power.

For modulation, the columns are equipped with special fittings with a membrane, which changes the gas supply to the burner depending on the flow. Modulation in the range of 40-100% of the device power is considered normal.

The diagram shows the modulating valve and the principle of its operation, which is similar to the operation of a water unit and its membrane

Replacement procedure

Here we come directly to the process. What is needed to change a gas water heater? You are required to carefully prepare the room in accordance with all standards, check the functionality of the ventilation and chimney systems, and later call experts to install and connect the equipment. They will handle everything else themselves; all you have to do is sign the act of accepting the work.

It is also highly recommended to install an air composition analyzer in the room where the gas water heater will be located. The device is very easy to install and yet performs a very important function. If there is an increase in propane in the air, the analyzer will immediately begin to signal. This way, you won't miss a leak even if you're asleep. A timely and quick response in similar situations is a virtually guaranteed fitting end. Therefore, do not neglect installing such a small but very useful thing. Success!

Decorating the unit

One of the most common and least expensive methods. With the help of various decorative parts you can simply transform the appearance of the water heater and column. You can use stickers, photos, paintings, paintings, and various ornaments as decoration. You can also purchase a decorated model right away, so as not to waste extra time on decorating yourself.

The procedure will not require permission from regulatory authorities and will not be difficult to implement for creative people.

How much does it cost to replace a gas water heater in an apartment in 2021?

Combustion chamber type

Regardless of the method of gas ignition, in all columns the combustion chambers can be of two types: open or closed.

If the design of the combustion chamber is open, then air enters it directly from the room, and all combustion products are removed using an ordinary hood. Such devices have several advantages:

• simple design;
• makes virtually no noise during operation;
• Most often they do not need electricity.

However, such cameras have one significant drawback. When the hood does not work properly, air pollution in the room can occur.

Closed combustion chambers are typical for gas water heaters with a turbine. The design of such chambers, with the exception of pipes for air supply and exhaust, is completely sealed. Air is supplied using built-in fans and removed through a chimney.

The closed combustion chamber in the column is completely sealed

The closed design of the combustion chamber is characteristic of more modern models of dispensers with automatic operation. Due to the presence of various sensors, such models are considered the safest.

How to hide a gas water heater in the kitchen

There are several different ways to disguise a structure in the kitchen. Certain requirements must be observed and safe materials must be used to complete the task.

How to install a geyser without fines

It’s worth making a reservation right away that all work related to any devices running on natural gas should be carried out by specialists from the gas service. Independently disconnecting or connecting to the gas network, firstly, is illegal and carries administrative penalties in the form of a fine or even temporary disconnection of the subscriber from the gas supply. Secondly, a bad installation, as well as the connection of gas-powered devices, can end disastrously not only for the apartment owners, but also for the neighbors in the house.

Unit design

Gas water heaters, regardless of the manufacturer, have similar components, the presence of which may differ slightly between different models. For example, we can consider the construction of the Neva gas water heater.

Device structure from the outside

The diagram of the gas water heater is shown in the figure below.

Gas water heater diagram

The front part and sides of the water heater are covered with a metal casing (1). There is an observation window (2) on the facade of the device for visual monitoring of the operation of the unit. Under the window there are regulators: a knob that regulates gas flow (3) and a water flow regulator (4). Between the handles there is an LCD display (5), which displays the temperature of the water supplied to the consumer.

At the very bottom of the device there are pipes for water supply and outlet, as well as for gas supply. On the right side of the water heater there is a pipe (6), to which cold water from the water supply is connected, and on the left, a pipe (7) is connected to drain the heated liquid. Next to it, but a little closer to the center, there is a pipe (8). A hose is connected to it, connecting the dispenser to the gas main, and in some situations, to a gas cylinder. At the very top of the water heater, there is a flange (9) for connecting the gas outlet pipe (chimney).

All elements of the unit are fixed to a metal base (10), which serves as the rear wall of the device. It has 2 holes for hanging the unit on the wall using brackets.

The new Astra gas water heater model has a similar design.

Internal structure of the unit

Now let's look at how the geyser works from the inside, with the outer casing removed. As mentioned above, pipes numbered 6, 7 and 8 are intended for connecting cold water, discharging heated water and connecting gas.

The water block of the unit (12) is connected to the water supply pipe (6). A rod (13) comes out of the water block, on which a handle is attached to adjust the water pressure. Below is a cylindrical part (14), which has a notch on the walls. It functions as a plug that can be removed to drain liquid from the device if repairs are required. The plug also has a safety valve that opens when there is excess pressure in the water supply.

In the center of the unit there is an electronic control unit (16). Wires are routed from it in different directions, going to various elements of the unit and sensors.

Column structure from the inside

On the left, symmetrically to the water block, there is a gas block (17). Both modules are assembled in such a way that they represent a single structure. From it, like from the water one, comes a rod (18) to adjust the gas supply. In the middle between the gas pipe and the control valve there is a valve (19) (electromagnetic).

There is also a microswitch (15) on the gas block, which is pressed by a special pusher when it is turned off. Above you can see the manifold (20), connected to the gas block using a pipe fitted with flanges. The manifold is attached to the body using 2 screws (21). The nozzles are located at the rear of the manifold. Through them, gas is supplied to the burner (22), which has 10 rows. A pair of elements are attached to the front of the collector, similar in appearance, but performing different roles. On the right is the spark plug (23), which ignites the burners, and on the left is the flame sensor (24).

Above the collector there is a copper heat exchanger (25). It just gives off the heat obtained from the combustion of gas to the water passing through it. A water unit (26) is connected to the heat exchanger on the right, and a pipe for discharging heated water (27) is connected to the left side. The heat exchange module is attached to the unit body using 2 screws (28). There are 2 sensors installed on the pipe for discharging heated water. The top one (29) protects the water heater from overheating, and the one below (30) serves as a thermometer. Wires go from it to the LCD display mounted on the casing of the unit.

At the top of the apparatus there is a device for removing waste combustion products (31). Thanks to a system of jumpers of different shapes, the flow of hot exhaust gases is directed towards the chimney channel. A draft sensor (32) is installed on the left, which is connected to the overheating sensor (29) via an electrical circuit. At the bottom of the water heater body there is a block (34) for 2 power elements (batteries). To fasten the outer casing of the device, there are places for screwing in screws (33) on both sides of the housing.

The diagram of the internal structure of the Oasis geyser is no different from the one shown above, except for the presence of a “winter-summer” switch on the front panel. It is designed to turn off half of the operating burners in the summer to save gas.

You may be interested in: how to repair a gas water heater.

Is it possible to make a membrane yourself and from what?

Before repair work, you should make sure that the poor operation of the burner device is due to a failed diaphragm. The cause of a malfunction of the water heater can be dead batteries and malfunctions in the igniter. Only after all other breakdowns have been ruled out do we proceed to repair the water regulator.

For temporary laying, rubber with a width of 1.5-2 mm is suitable. Some people use an old inner tube or thick household gloves as a preparation. The holes for the bolts and the bypass channel are made with a punch, which is easy to make yourself from a steel tube.

The newest diaphragm is cut out using the old one as a template. As a temporary measure, you can seal the membrane by applying a patch. After repair work is completed, the column will be able to work for some time, sufficient to purchase a factory diaphragm.

Turning on the device

The first step is to install the batteries. To do this, open the battery compartment and install them, observing the polarity. Then you need to open the cold water and gas valves. Open the hot liquid tap on the nearest faucet.

At the moment when the liquid flows through the water unit, a spark ignition occurs and, thanks to this, the burner ignites. If it is turned on for the first time or after a long period of inactivity, air may accumulate in the gas line; in order to remove it, you will need to open the mixer several times, hold it for a minute, and then close it.

If the burner ignites, you need to turn the water pressure adjustment lever (located on the right) to the right, this will make it possible to turn on the Vektor JSD 20 device when the liquid pressure in the system has decreased.

The gas water heater was turned off

Nice day, I would be grateful if someone makes a recommendation. Given - an apartment in an ancient building with gas, an idiotic layout and very weak water pressure. Everyone has pumps, and we do too. When turned on, it always pumps water. The column hangs in the kitchen; it produces the usual pressure on the faucet in the kitchen. And then the water from the water heater flows through the entire apartment into the bathroom (this is a nightmare, but the water heater and the bathroom are at the highest possible distance). The pressure is so weak that the water is very hot (I can hardly stand it), if you reduce the temperature, the column is cut off. At the same time, the bathroom has its own separate riser with cool water. Our idea is to install a storage water heater on this riser and disconnect the bathroom from the water heater. There are two of us, we bathe for 10 minutes a day and wash the floors in the apartment once a week. Won't this ruin us on electricity, provided that we can remove the booster electric pump? And the second question - is it necessary to notify anyone about something in this case? The gas service needs to disconnect the pipe that goes from the water heater to the bathtub and that’s it? Does the energy company need approval? Is the house old? And what is needed for this? Maybe you can tell me what to read if it’s already been discussed here. And then there’s this question. If heater is not needed for the bathroom, does it make sense to leave a giant water heater with ugly pipes in order to wash dishes in the kitchen? Maybe it’s worth hanging a small water heater in the kitchen and removing the heater? But then won’t it become completely unprofitable economically? 2 electric heaters are an even greater load on the network, as I understand it. Maybe someone installed 2 separate water heaters in the kitchen and bathroom instead of gas, please share the complexity of the design and how it is economically profitable/unprofitable? Thank you all in advance

Shutting off gas water heaters in apartment buildings due to the danger to the lives of residents is becoming widespread in Kazan. If the residents of the Khrushchev-era building on Bondarenko have been living without hot water for the 2nd year due to a malfunction of the chimneys that was discovered at one point, then the residents of the Stalin-era building on Ostrovsky have been heating water in saucepans for the 4th month for the same reason. “The conditions in our dachas are better than in our apartments!” — those saved from carbon monoxide poisoning are outraged. - Look, I can’t count how many times a day I heat these pots and carry them around. To wash the floor - you need water, to wash the dishes - too, wash, wash... - Tatyana Zinovieva, the head of the house at Ostrovsky, 88, points out to VK correspondents the impressively sized pots standing on the stove. “And this is how I wash my hair: I put a basin in the shower stall, kneel down, put my head in the basin and pour it on top.” Nightmare, 21st century in the yard, the center of the town!

As the woman in charge of the house said, the gas water heaters in the five-story building were turned off on January 15, after one of the residents submitted a request to the city gas authority:

“His pump started chugging and making strange sounds, so he called the gas workers. They arrived, inspected the pump in his apartment, and later went through everyone else. In the end, they decided to turn off the entire house, explaining that we couldn’t use the speakers, otherwise we might not wake up one beautiful day.

READ Is it possible to take an iron in hand luggage?

After living for a couple of weeks without hot water and information from housing and gas workers about when it would appear, the residents began to sound the alarm and write letters to the authorities: the executive committee, the prosecutor's office, the state housing inspection, the Ministry of Construction. From the official answers they were given in mid-February, it turned out that the smoke pipes of the Stalinist building did not have the necessary draft.

“When checking the channels using the smoke method, leaks were identified. Based on the results of the inspection, together with representatives of EPU "Kazangorgaz", LLC "UK Vakhitovsky District", LLC TsGV "Zhilishchnik", instantaneous water heaters in the house were turned off. The Criminal Code was issued an order by May 30, 2019 to submit a project for repairs and plan activities,” says letters from the State Housing Inspectorate and the Ministry of Construction of the Republic of Tatarstan. The Vakhitovsky District Prosecutor’s Office, in turn, said after the inspection: “In violation of the requirements of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation... the Criminal Code of the Vakhitovsky District did not take measures to adequately maintain common property (smoke ducts and ventilation ducts), as a result of which the gas supply was suspended, which is a violation of the rights of the inhabitants of the house to suitable and non-hazardous living conditions.” The supervisory agency submitted a proposal to the management of the Criminal Code to eliminate violations of housing legislation, but this did not contribute to the emergence of hot water in the five-story building on Ostrovsky. — In March, we went to a reception with the chairman of the city housing and communal services committee, Iskander Giniyatullin. He said that there are funds to repair the chimneys, but the weather does not allow it to begin, they will start in April, when the temperature will be above zero. Otherwise, they say, the solution will freeze and everything will go down the drain,” says Tatyana Zinovieva. — April has come, we call the management company, but they tell us that there are no funds for repairs and the timing is unclear! Now we don’t know where to run or what to do...

Yesterday, residents of building 8 held another meeting to discuss the current situation. After all, judging by the reports of housing residents, which they submitted to the prosecutor’s office, the chimneys in the house were inspected often - in February, May, August, November 2021 and January 2019. It turns out they inspected it for show?

- Yes, they come, they just put a match and a piece of paper on the ventilation hole in the apartment, but is that really enough? Moreover, every year I clean my own internal channel in the apartment - my draft is like in a wind tunnel,” convinces tenant Nikolai Yashmurzin. “And I don’t remember ever having cleaned the central trunk of the chimney.” “They have never cleaned it in 66 years,” confirmed Tatyana Zinovieva. — Last year, during renovations in my apartment, two buckets of dirt were taken out of my chimney! Why doesn't the Criminal Code do this? And how did they inspect and write that everything was in order, if suddenly such a big malfunction was found? And there are no funds for repairs!

According to the residents, they have not yet dared to install electronic water heaters in their apartments. “They were thinking about what they were about to do with water heaters, and why they would spend money. Again, it’s an unnecessary expense to pay for electricity. Well, you can’t hang them on every wall, the ceilings are wooden,” explains Olga Feifer. - For example, if I hang it, my neighbor’s wall will fall. In the end, the residents of Stalin's apartments heat water in pots or go to their relatives to wash. “A new bathhouse on Pavlyukhin opened in March, we go there from time to time. There they charge 220 rubles from older people until 3 o'clock. But this is still not a solution! Everyone at their dachas has better conditions than here. We already want to hang posters on the house from the street side, so that everyone knows about our dilemma,” threatens the head of the house.

The management company of the Vakhitovsky district, Vechernyaya Kazan, said that the malfunction of the chimneys in building 8 on Ostrovsky (as well as in the five-story building on Bondarenko) was found using modern inspection methods, and their repair requires about 6 million rubles, which the management company does not have. — Specialists who arrived to respond to a request from a resident inspected the smoke ducts from the inside with an endoscope and checked using the smoke method. Ultimately, they found that the chimneys were depressurized; this was due to the old age of the house. In case of such violations, it is prohibited to use geysers, so they were immediately turned off,” explained the chief engineer of the management company, Marat Mingaleev. — In order to repair chimneys, today, according to our preparatory calculations, about 6 million are needed. We, the management company, do not have such funds; we work within the limits of the amounts that the population transfers. Therefore, we turned to the executive committee and the Ministry of Construction with a request to find a solution to the problem. The chief engineer of the management company advised the residents to expect, expect and endure. But I categorically did not recommend installing water heaters:

- Their wiring is not designed for such a load. If they all turn on the boilers, there will be an overload. This is a fire hazard.

2.4 Direct installation

Installation of a gas water heater takes place in several steps. After choosing a location, it is necessary to prepare all communications: water supply, chimney and gas pipeline. All this should be located in close proximity to the future column, so that after installing the latter, all you have to do is connect the hoses to the pipes.

To connect gas to a gas water heater, be sure to call a special service professional.

• So, first you need to mark the place for the water heater. I hang it on a special bar that comes with the device. This is where a drill, dowels and screws will come in handy. It is better to mark using a level.
• We drill holes, drive in dowels, attach the strip and screw it to the wall with screws.
• The next step is to connect the water heater to the chimney. This is done using corrugation or an iron pipe. Installing the latter is not difficult. The pipe needs to be put on the pipe (and the sleeve should also be tightened with a clamp) of the column. The other end is inserted into the chimney and covered with cement (or asbestos). But do not forget that the horizontal section of the pipe cannot exceed 6 m and you cannot make more than 3 bends of the corrugation.
• Now you can move on to connecting the column to the water supply. As mentioned earlier, it is better to do the installation of pipes and branches in advance. With all this, cutting into the nearest line is not always a good option (if the pressure in it is weak, cut directly into the main pipe leading to the apartment). Be sure to install a faucet on the new branch going to the water heater so that you can repair the water heater or replace it without turning off the water in the entire apartment or house. To install the pipeline, you will need metal-plastic pipes and a soldering iron, as well as a tap and couplings.
• After finishing work with the hot and cool mowing line pipeline, all that remains for you is to connect the hoses to the appropriate outlet and inlet of the column and to the pipes.

This is what a chimney made of corrugation looks like. The ring has a purely aesthetic value.

Your work is now complete. Connection to the gas pipe is carried out by specialists from the relevant service. A ball valve is also placed at the entrance to the column, all connections are sealed and then checked for leaks.

2.5 Installation work step by step

When the chimney and water supply are prepared for the installation of equipment, you can begin to install it. Replacing a gas water heater is carried out in several steps:

Gas column hood = mortal danger

• Mark the equipment attachment points. Here you should take into account the shortest length of the chimney, which is 50 cm for rooms with a ceiling height of 2 meters and 25 cm - where the ceiling height is 2.7 meters and above.

Diagram of the correct location of the speaker in the kitchen

• Holes are made in the wall according to the markings.
• The installation of hooks designed to hold the column is done.
• Now the device can be hung on the wall.
• We take PVC pipes and connecting rods, through which the pipeline is connected to the inlet and outlet of the column.

READ Which is better: a slow cooker or an oven?

The video shows an overview of how to install a geyser

Advice! When working with hoses, the use of tow or FUM tape is unacceptable.

• Having installed the pipeline, we open the water supply taps (both cool and hot), checking the system in this way. Having found a leak, we simply tighten the rod clamp nuts. But you shouldn’t tighten it too much either - you can destroy the seal.

Fundamentally! If you have caused a leak in connections that were made with tow or FUM tape, then be sure to rework them.

Correct connection of the column to gas and water supply

• At the final installation step, gas is supplied to the device. To do this, take a flexible hose: one end is screwed to the gas supply tap, and the other end is screwed to the gas inlet into the column. Next you need to crimp the connections and treat them with soap to check for leaks.
• We supply gas to the system. If there are no bubbles in the areas with the applied substance, then you can safely put the system into operation.

First installation

To install a gas water heater you need to collect quite a lot of documents

If gas is not supplied to the house, the construction of a gas supply mowing line will be useful. This is an expensive process, and many owners of private houses prefer to make do with solid fuel boilers. For multi-apartment buildings, gas supply is made by the developer, housing office, or contributed by the owners.

In a small kitchen, placing a column is a little problematic, because every centimeter counts

• Obtaining documentation includes consent to supply gas from distributors and transporters, calculation of consumption, obtaining technical conditions, permission for land allocation for the gas pipeline.
• Design consists of concluding a design contract, collecting and examining documentation, approval by the authorities listed in the last Fri.
• Construction consists of construction and installation work and commissioning.
• At the end, a gas supply contract is concluded at GORGAZ or OBLGAZ.

2.13 Speaker setup

After installing the speaker, standard 1.5-volt AA batteries are placed in its battery compartment, then the water heater is set up and inspected; this work is usually carried out by specialists from a service or gas supply organization who have the appropriate license.

The setup work includes the following operations, carried out in accordance with the instructions for the unit:

• The functioning of the ignition and main burners is checked, and the best gas supply is adjusted.
• The operation of the automation is checked to ensure safe use.
• The temperature of the heated water is monitored.
• The functionality of the traction sensor thermal relay is checked.
• Upon completion of work after the first start-up, specialists seal the system, after which the unit is allowed to be used.

When installing a geyser in an apartment, they are guided by the requirements, the main ones of which are regulated in the construction rules SP 42-101-2003. Installation of a new unit or replacement of an old one can be carried out independently or with the help of service professionals providing warranty service, but gas supply and commissioning is allowed only with the permission of employees of the gas supply organization - if this requirement is violated, the consumer will face tangible monetary sanctions.

2.11 Connecting the unit to the chimney

To ensure safety and complete removal of all combustion products from the premises, the following requirements are made for the flue pipe and exhaust chimney system:

• The material used to manufacture the flue must be sealed and heat-resistant, withstand heating up to 200 °C, and have corrosion resistance to combustion products (stainless steel, aluminum, copper).
• The diameter of the gas outlet pipe is not less than 110 mm, the height of the vertical section is from 500 mm, the length to the chimney is less than 2 m, the number of turns is no more than 3.

Advice: It is not recommended to use duralumin ventilation corrugation for the removal of combustion products, which has very thin walls and a corrugated surface, between the folds of which soot and soot accumulate.

The retail chain sells special stainless steel gas ducts that have a corrugated shell and are designed for operation at high temperatures; their use is optimal and does not violate standards.

1.1 Advantages and disadvantages

In houses with low-power wiring, you can only heat water with a water heater, because kitchen boilers cannot be installed in them. Such units are used in Khrushchev and Stalin buildings. There are models that can be lit with matches, adjust the temperature, or are electrically controlled.

• quickly heats a large volume of water;
• The dimensions of the device are small, so it will not take up much space;
• hot water can be obtained immediately after turning on the column;
• relative efficiency of use, but everything depends on the price of fuel.

A huge number of installation requirements are justified by the risk of disaster if used incorrectly.

• risk of fire or explosion, although most modern units are equipped with protection systems;
• the need for good ventilation, because you can be poisoned by carbon monoxide;
• lack of ability to install in the bathroom;
• the need to coordinate the installation with the water and gas service.

Modern technologies make it possible to obtain very effective devices, while maintaining the reliability of the unit and all components participating in the system.

How to hang a speaker on the wall, at what height

Regulatory documents slander the installation height and type of walls and partitions on which gas water heaters can be installed. Gaps and non-hazardous distances between the boiler and other gas-consuming equipment are indicated.

• The speakers are installed at a distance from the ceiling of more than 25-30 cm. From the floor to the body they are kept from 80-120 cm. Accordingly, the boiler is installed at a height of about 180-200 cm along the upper edge. Compliance with the requirement is necessary to ensure normal air circulation. The adjustable installation height of the gas water heater from the floor can vary depending on the type of water heater (atmospheric or turbocharged).
• The partition surface type - PPB allows installation on a wall made of dense building material with the highest level of fire resistance. The main types of walls and the available installation aspects are described below:

• Installation in a wooden house is possible subject to additional protection. The requirement is related to the fire hazard of the wood species. At the location of the column, the wood surface of the wall is protected using an iron sheet and asbestos with a width of 3 mm. According to the PPB, fire breaks are predicted where the chimney passes through partitions and ceilings. The wooden wall can be covered with a layer of special plaster, 3 cm wide. The next option is to prepare the installation site by making a partition from non-combustible materials (brickwork). To hang water heaters on a wooden wall, use the anchors included in the kit. It is not recommended to hang water heaters using wood screws.
• Plastic panels - installation of gas water heaters is prohibited. Violation leads to refusal to put the equipment into operation. It is impossible to hang boilers on plastic panels for several reasons: there will be no gap between the heater body and the wall (according to requirements, more than 2 cm), the material is flammable and fire hazardous. You can try to circumvent this prohibition. Based on existing standards, you cannot fix the column on plastic panels, but do not bring the material to the site of already installed gas-consuming equipment. With all this, it is important to take care of the necessary gaps.
• Concrete surface - the material fully complies with safety standards. The exception is a reinforced concrete wall used as a load-bearing structure. Installation is carried out on ordinary building anchors.
• Brick wall - installation allowed. The exception is partitions made of hollow bricks, which cannot provide reliable fixation.
• A wall made of plasterboard - the standards allow such placement, subject to certain criteria. Drywall is not flammable, but is simply susceptible to mechanical stress, so on its own it cannot provide reliable fixation of the column. A boiler is hung on the plasterboard wall in the place where the surface was additionally reinforced during the construction of the metal frame. Typically, to enhance the load-bearing capacity, wood beams are installed inside the profiles. The wall is plastered for painting, or lined with ceramic. tiles.

PPB rules prohibit the installation of gas water heaters on load-bearing walls and structures.

Sources:

https://e-vi.ru/mozhno-li-samomu-snjat-gazovuju-kolonku/ https://france-jus.ru/9760-otklyuchili-gazovuyu-kolonku/ https://uteplimvse.ru/interesnye- stati/ustanovka-gazovoj-kolonki-texnologiya-vypolneniya-rabot.html

Principle of operation

To understand the principle of operation of a geyser, you must first consider what security system it is equipped with. When the unit is in the off state, the control unit (16) does not receive electricity, since the circuit is broken in the microswitch (15). The switch plate is pressed by the pusher, and while this happens, it is in the off state.

The solenoid valve (19) is also closed and cuts off the gas supply from the inlet pipe, since it is not receiving power. But this is not the only place that shuts off the gas - it is also shut off using a spring valve, which is located in the gas module (35). The inoperative state of the valve is characterized by pressing the disc gasket against the seat, which ensures complete shutoff of the supply of the combustible mixture to the manifold.

The water section consists of a two-chamber module (36), colloquially called a “frog”, with an elastic rubber membrane. Using a special channel, the “frog” cameras can communicate. When the water supply is turned off, the pressure in the chambers is equalized and the membrane is in an equilibrium position.

The principle of operation of a gas water heater

Water is supplied to the heat exchanger through the bottom of the chamber. At the top there is a rod with a plate made of plastic, which is adjacent to the membrane. The rod comes out through a hole in the middle, towards the gas block. Opposite this rod, in the gas module, there is the same one, but connected to a spring valve, to which is attached a pusher coming from the switch.

What happens when the water starts

How does a gas water heater work if you dig up water? When you open a water tap at the point of consumption (water intake), the following happens.

1. When a liquid flow passes through the “frog”, a vacuum is created in its chamber. The rubber membrane, under the influence of increased pressure, bends and pushes the plate out. The latter transmits the pushing movement to the rod. The water module rod pushes the opposite gas module rod (37).
2. Next, the pusher, which is connected to the rod, no longer holds the switch plate, and it is released. In this case, the switch closes the circuit, and power begins to flow into the electronic control module from the battery section.
3. The movement of the rod also forces the spring of the mechanical valve to depress, as a result of which the plate moves away from the seat, and the gas supply channel to the manifold becomes open.
4. The solenoid valve, receiving power from the batteries, opens and does not interfere with the passage of gas through the spring valve towards the manifold.
5. Meanwhile, the control unit generates and sends an electrical impulse to the spark plug (23) to create a spark discharge that can ignite the flame. When all components operate normally, the burner lights up.

The ignition process is controlled by an ionization sensor (24). If the burner does not ignite within 6-7 seconds, then, in order to avoid the accumulation of a high concentration of an explosive mixture, the electronic module, without receiving a pulse from the sensor, will shut off the gas supply. If there is combustion, the sensor will generate a pulse to turn off the spark plug. If, after the water heater starts operating, the flame goes out, then the impulse from the sensor will stop coming to the control module, after which it will immediately respond to this by shutting off the gas using the solenoid valve.

Performing all these functions in the Neva gas water heater is possible only if one condition is met: the circuit between the two sensors must not be broken, namely, between the outlet water temperature control sensor (29) and the draft sensor (32). These relays are connected in series and their contacts are closed when the sensors are operational. Therefore, in order for the control module to receive power, both sensors must complete the circuit.

If a weak draft is formed in the smoke exhaust unit, then the combustion products, due to the special design of the exhaust unit, cannot pass towards the central channel, and are directed to the side cavities. Since the temperature sensor is located on the left, it will “detect” a sudden rise in temperature, breaking the power supply circuit to the control module. This will stop the supply of the combustible mixture and turn off the burners.

By analogy, the relay, which is located on the pipe for removing heated water from the heat exchanger, is also activated. When the water heats up to 90°C, and this is considered a critical level, the power supply circuit of the electronic unit will be broken.

Work when the water is turned off

When the water supply is turned off, the following happens.

1. The pressure in the “frog” chambers is balanced. Returning the rubber membrane to its place causes the plate connected to the pusher to move in the corresponding direction to the initial position.
2. When the rod returns, the poppet valve is released, reliably shutting off the fuel supply.
3. At the same time, the pusher begins to press the switch plate, as a result of which the circuit supplying the control module breaks.
4. Since the solenoid valve does not receive electricity after the control unit is turned off, it also closes.

Rules for safe operation

When working with gas equipment, do not forget about the rules of safe operation. Improper use of the cylinder may result in an explosion or fire.

In addition, homemade gas stoves are devices that pose a hidden threat, so you need to be as careful as possible when working with them. Even at the stage of constructing a homemade product, you need to take care to do everything exactly according to the instructions.

You should also not neglect checking the connections, since even the slightest leak can lead to dire consequences.

The most common way to check gas equipment for leaks is to lubricate the connections with soap suds. If it does not bubble, then the equipment is in good condition and you can start using it.

If you are not sure that you can make a really high-quality device, then it is better to purchase a gas stove in a store. Factory devices are subject to mandatory certification and control, therefore they are much safer to operate.

Selecting a water heater

Which boiler to choose depends on many reasons. First of all, they consider the economic one, and in this regard there is no equal to a gas water heater or water heater. Therefore, if the project provides for such an opportunity, and you want to save a lot of money, choose this type.

Gas water heater Oasis

The only disadvantage of this solution is that you cannot install it yourself, since the instructions require technical conditions for connection, and a certified specialist must install the speaker.

Connecting a geyser

But gas equipment itself costs less than electric equipment, so it will pay for itself faster. If the house is not gasified or you are against the presence of gas equipment in the apartment, buy an electric water heater.

It comes in two types:

• Flow-through - water is heated by passing through the heating element. It should have a good stable pressure. The advantages of such devices include small dimensions and ease of installation with your own hands. The disadvantages are high power consumption (5-27 kW), which sometimes completely cancels out the benefits of disconnecting the city network. In addition, wiring in older homes is often not designed to handle this kind of power and may not be able to handle the load.

Instantaneous water heater Termex

• Accumulative - heats up a large volume of water in the tank at once. Makes it possible to regulate the temperature and maintain it at a given level. Compared to flow-through, it consumes very little electricity (1.5-3 kW), but has impressive dimensions.

Storage water heater Electrolux horizontal type

Another factor influencing the choice of a boiler is its placement in the apartment.

The easiest way is to find a place for a flow-through electric heater. It is usually installed in the kitchen at the water connection point of the kitchen sink. It is also possible to embed it into the pipeline at the entrance to the apartment to provide hot water to all water taps.

Storage and gas boilers cannot be placed in the bathroom. Therefore, the former are most often hung in the toilet, and the latter in the kitchen, at the gas pipe supply point. And from this point they make a connection into the existing hot water pipeline, or lay wiring to all devices that consume hot water.

Gas water heater in the kitchen Instantaneous water heater in the cabinet under the sink Large volume storage boiler in the bathroom