How to properly make a washing device in a bathhouse - tips with examples

Design and layout of a 3 by 4 bathhouse with a wash room [/caption]

Decorating a bathtub in the shower

The location of the washing room can be planned by knowing the options for its placement, understanding what additional procedures, in addition to direct washing, can be used, and also taking into account your own wishes and capabilities of the existing premises or the costs of its construction.

Is it worth combining a sink with a steam room?

At the design stage of the entire structure of the bathhouse, you need to decide whether you want to equip a steam room combined with a sink, or a separate one. Although, in fairness, we note that such a decision may be dictated not so much by wishes as by objective necessity.

The following factors are important in this matter:

• material capabilities of the developer;
• availability of building materials and other components;
• area of ​​the building plot.

Often, a steam room combined with a sink is equipped when there is a lack of free space and funds.

In any case, even with a small building area, there will be at least two rooms in it. In the first - the dressing room - there will be a locker room, a rest room with the necessary furniture, as well as part of the stove, which will be heated from here. You can choose the design of the relaxation room in the bathhouse in advance. The second room is the washing-steam room itself. A heater is laid out in it, which provides heat, beds are installed, as well as a place for bath accessories - brooms, basins with cold water. Hot water is heated on a stove in a large container.

Despite the apparent inconvenience, a number of positive aspects can be found in this design:

• from an economic point of view, it is cheaper and also requires less fuel for heating;
• The layout of such a steam room is simple and laconic - the stove goes into the steam room with a heating part with a heater, so you can heat water directly on it.

At the same time, one cannot ignore the negative aspects:

• the small dimensions of the room do not allow several people to wash at the same time;
• after each visit to the steam room by a separate group of people, the steam room needs to be ventilated and the stove heated;
• This type of washing is not suitable for people with poor health.

In order to somehow compensate for these shortcomings, you can think of a competent layout, that is, place the washing area slightly lower than the steam room area, so that washing is not so hot.

Thus, if you have a small area for a bathhouse - no more than 16 m2, it is better to make a steam room combined with a sink, since if separated, it will not be comfortable to be in very cramped rooms.

Finishing of a separate steam room and wash room

General information

Typically in a modern bathhouse there are the following rooms:

• Rest room.
• Waiting room.
• Washing room.
• Steam room.

The finishing of the steam room in the bathhouse with your own hands, as well as the washing room, must meet individual requirements, since it is this that is most intensively used when taking bath procedures. Not so long ago, a panaya was combined with a washing room to save space and better warm up the two rooms. But in reality, such an idea is increasingly abandoned, since in terms of functional load the rooms are very different. Moreover, not every person can withstand high temperatures in a steam room for a long time. In general, everyone is free to decide for themselves what they want.

Working with walls in a washroom

Traditionally, when deciding how to decorate a bathhouse sink, they prefer to choose wood, since it meets all the requirements for this room. However, not every type of tree is suitable for these purposes.

It is best to finish the shower in a wooden bath from the following types of wood:

• Abashi is an African type of wood that has a beautiful appearance and texture, practically does not heat up and is very durable.
• Cedar is suitable for lining walls and ceilings in the washing room of a bathhouse, since it does not heat up very much, and it will not release resin, because it is not as hot here as in a steam room. However, such lining is very expensive.
• Larch is a moisture-resistant and durable material. Although it is quite difficult to process, it is very attractive in appearance and smells pleasant.
• Linden - this type of wood is the best among the options for sheathing a bathhouse sink. When exposed to water, the wood does not darken, and also has a subtle aroma that has a positive effect on the body.

Regardless of what you decide to cover the bathhouse sink with, the lining can be positioned in several directions to create a decorative effect (read: “How to cover the inside of a bathhouse - how to choose a material”).

There can be several options for fastening the lining:

• horizontally;
• vertically;
• diagonally;
• in mixed media.

Finishing a sink in a bathhouse with wooden lining begins with attaching a frame consisting of timber (read: “How to attach lining in a bathhouse - rules and installation sequence”). The structural elements are attached perpendicular to the direction of installation of the lining. Moreover, it does not matter whether the horizontal, vertical or diagonal fixation method was chosen. And if you also combine different cladding options, the design of the bathhouse sink will be truly impressive.

Fastening the lining can be done using the following methods:

• using clamps;
• using nails, driving them into the groove at an acute angle, which can be a difficult process for a beginner;
• using self-tapping screws, screwing them all the way through.

Mounting and installation

Sauna stoves with a separate sink and steam room from well-known brands are usually installed by employees of the manufacturer or according to the individual instructions supplied.

But you can also install it yourself using the following approximate algorithm and diagram:

Layout of the furnace and remote tank:

3 different connection diagrams for elements:

Scheme 1

Scheme 2

Scheme 3

Installation tips:

• The design of the furnace does not require a special foundation, but the foundation for it must be prepared. It is performed using brickwork. The base area is 70x70 cm, the height should be more than 10 cm.
• Cover the walls adjacent to the stove using bricks and insulate them with heat-insulating materials.
• If you plan to heat the stove from the waiting room, make a hole “with a reserve” in the partition between it and the steam room.
• On the prepared base, lay a layer of heat insulation material and an iron sheet on which the furnace structure is installed. The firebox is inserted into the partition.
• Fill the stove with stones.
• Cover the floor boards with a metal apron, which is secured over a sheet of thermal insulation.
• Mount the decorative trim on the front section of the firebox, install the ash pan and the door.
• Install the pipe. If the roof is flat, the height of the pipe should be more than half a meter, if it is gable - more than one and a half meters.
• Weld a metal screen to the predetermined contact point between the ceiling and the pipe. This part reliably connects the two halves of the pipe and protects the ceiling from elevated temperatures.
• The water tank, as well as the heat exchanger, should be installed simultaneously with the main pipe.

Arrangement of the floor in the washing room

A properly equipped floor will help create an attractive interior for a bathhouse washroom. It must meet a number of requirements - at a minimum, it should not slip, and its maintenance should not be difficult.

Most professionals believe that a tiled sink in a bathhouse will look best. In addition, such material is relatively inexpensive.

To drain water from the sink, ladders made of wooden slats or rubber mats (pro

Bath decoration

The decor of the bathhouse begins with the interior walls. For finishing use tiles, tiles or water-repellent imitation of wood or stone. For a country-style bathhouse, wood with any pattern is suitable. In the Scandinavian direction, white wood or marble and stone are welcome. Provence or loft harmonizes perfectly with tiles or tiles in warm or light colors. Depending on the height, the ceiling is left wooden, and frame inserts are made for LED lighting.

An artificial pond can be organized on the terrace, if there is one on the 2nd floor. A living room with an aquarium or artificial fountain will create a harmonious and lively environment. Decorative items: pillows, paintings, embroidery and figurines are chosen only to suit the style of the bathhouse interior. The exception is the national style of the setting.

Organization of a ventilation system in a washing room

It is very important to provide high-quality ventilation for the floor of the tiled sink in the bathhouse, since due to the accumulation of water in the underground, mold can grow. Therefore, they organize air exhaust in order to dry the space under the floor in a timely manner, as well as ensure uniform heating of the floor. It is possible to make a hood if you install a ventilation duct near the stove (for more details: “How to make a hood in a bathhouse - design and installation of ventilation”). As the oven heats up, a draft appears in the ventilation duct, causing moisture and cold air to escape.

Consequently, the organization of ventilation of the washing compartment in a wooden bathhouse not only ensures ventilation and drying of the room after bathing procedures, but also promotes permanent air flow and optimal temperature balance in the room.

There can be two types of ventilation in a bathhouse sink:

• natural, which is formed by the difference in pressure in the building and outside, without installing additional equipment;
• artificial, which is created by installed fans, air conditioners, filters and other equipment.

The process of organizing a ventilation system should be thought through very carefully, otherwise there is a risk of the formation of colonies of bacteria and fungi that are harmful to human health, rotting of wooden floor elements, and the appearance of a musty odor.

Ceramic tile

Tiles are wear-resistant, strong and durable materials that have high moisture-resistant properties. It is distinguished by a wide range of colors, texture and size variability. Floors and walls up to 1.7 meters high are tiled.

Before tiling wooden walls, the surface is thoroughly cleaned, a layer of waterproofing is installed and leveled. A moisture-resistant adhesive composition is used to lay the tiles.

In order to properly tile the floor, it is necessary to properly arrange the drainage hole and make a concrete screed. The base is made at a slight angle with respect to the drain hole connected to the sewer pipe.

Tiles have important advantages:

• resistance to high humidity;
• high strength and wear resistance;
• environmental safety and durability;
• resistance to fading and darkening;
• ease of maintenance;
• wide range of colors.

The disadvantages of the finishing material include:

• slippery surface that can lead to injury;
• the difficulty of doing installation yourself (practical skills and knowledge are required);
• susceptibility to mechanical damage.

The ceramic tile finish is successfully combined with natural moisture-resistant paint.

Providing the wash room with water

Calculation of the capacity of the water supply pipes must be made based on the expected number of people and the area of ​​the future bathhouse, since a sufficient water supply is an important condition for the functioning of the bathhouse.

To provide washing hot water in sufficient quantity, you can choose one of the following methods:

• heating water with a gas heater, if it is possible to supply gas to the bathhouse;
• using an electric boiler.

Thus, if it is possible to connect to the central water supply, then solving the issue of providing water is not difficult.

But if no communications are laid near the bathhouse, the required amount of water for washing all visitors to the bathhouse must be prepared in advance so that everyone can collect the required volume of water for themselves in a separate container.

Therefore, the calculation of the approximate volume of water must be made in advance. Considering that on average one person needs about 7-10 liters of hot water at 80-90 ºС and 3-4 times more cold water, it turns out that each steamer will need about 45 liters of water.

By multiplying the resulting value by the number of visitors to the steam room, you can determine how much water is required. Hot water is prepared in a large vat, leaving it on a stove, which is usually heated with birch wood.

Dimensions of sauna stoves: metal

All that can be found on the market are metal stoves. They can be steel or cast iron, wood-burning, electric or gas, but they all belong to the class mentioned. So there shouldn’t be any problems with them: the manufacturer will tell you everything himself.

Steel and cast iron, with most models for Russian baths:

You can find out which models are the best for a Russian bath by studying the information from a separate publication.

As for electric heaters, the sizes of the models in question are presented in the reviews that are available on our website. One of them is dedicated to models of domestic manufacturers, the other - only to electric heaters from the Finnish Harvia, the third - to other Finnish companies that make electric stoves for saunas and baths.

What is important to consider when choosing the right model

There are several factors that determine the intensity of heating of the room and the quality of the steam in the steam room. These are the ones you should focus on when looking for the right stove:

Power. This is the main criterion for choosing any heating device. The power should be sufficient for good heating, but not excessive, so as not to create unnecessary problems. When calculating, they are guided by the volume of the room. For heating 1 cubic meter. 1 kW of power required.

Type of fuel. It is necessary to choose a fuel that is always available in the area where the bathhouse is located. Ideally, it should also be cheap. In gasified areas there is no problem with this, but still many bathhouse owners choose solid fuel models. This is a tribute to tradition. You can buy a design that will be designed for both gas and firewood.

Installation method. The type of lighting depends on the location of the stove - from inside or outside the steam room. A model with a regular combustion channel is suitable if you will be heating from a steam room. If you plan to use kindling from the dressing room or rest room, then it is better to choose a design with an extended combustion channel.

Design. The model should be easy to use and fit into the overall style of the bathhouse design. The appearance of the stove cannot be considered a determining factor in choice, but it is still important, because... Any bathhouse owner wants to equip themselves with a cozy place of rest and relaxation.

Volume and type of water tank. Before purchasing, you should calculate the desired volume of the water tank and its location relative to the stove. For each specific room, you should choose a model based on the layout. In some cases, the best solution would be to purchase a stove with a built-in heat exchanger.

Scheme of the design of a furnace with a built-in tank

What can a water tank look like?

When purchasing a sauna stove with a water tank, pay attention to its location and connection method. There are the following main types of tanks: Mounted

Located on the body of the model, it heats up as the walls of the stove warm up. There is an additional benefit: due to the reservoir, the heated surface area increases. This is the simplest option in terms of installation, however, it will not be possible to organize a shower with such a tank, and the water heats up too quickly

Mounted. Located on the body of the model, it heats up as the walls of the stove warm up. There is an additional benefit: due to the reservoir, the heated surface area increases. This is the simplest option in terms of installation, however, it will not be possible to organize a shower with such a tank, and the water heats up too quickly.

Mentor. The water reservoir can be installed directly on the combustion chamber. This is not always convenient. Water can heat up much earlier than the air in the room. In addition, the material of the tank can quickly burn out and the seams can come apart.

On the chimney pipe. A tank of this type resembles a samovar in appearance, which is why the designs are often called samovar. The tank is mounted on a pipe, and the water in it is heated with the help of hot gases rising upward. This allows for more efficient use of fuel. The shape of the tanks is square or round. Often they are placed so that they serve as a passageway to the roof.

Remote. An ideal option for baths where the stove is located in the steam room, and the tank should be located in the washing room. The water is heated using a built-in heat exchanger. Thanks to the design features of such a tank, a situation where the water is already boiling and the room has not yet warmed up enough is eliminated. The disadvantages include the high cost and complexity of installation compared to other types of tanks.

Model "Varvara" with a mounted tank

Exploitation

Kindling is done with dried firewood. For this it is better to use deciduous trees. It is undesirable to use coniferous raw materials, since the resin fumes from coniferous wood will quickly clog the chimney.

When raking out the ash, it is necessary to leave at least a few millimeters - this will serve as a thermal layer between the concrete base and the burning wood.

The diameter of the chimney is quite large, so if used properly, cleaning will be required no more than once every three years.

The cleaning hatch is located at the rear of the oven. If you plan to completely cover the stove with bricks, you must plan access to the cleaning hatch in advance.

When lighting, the tank must be filled with water. After using the sauna during the winter months, the remaining water in the tank must be completely drained, since at low temperatures the solidifying water can tear the metal.

Nuances of operation

After the first warm-up, you can increase the temperature, but before that, inspect the entire structure: the chimney, the stove itself and everything that is adjacent to it. Assess whether the wooden elements are damaged. If after the first warm-up there are no comments, the installation was carried out correctly. Subsequent operation is carried out in compliance with some nuances.

• Choose only dry firewood, ideally hardwood. Coniferous firewood emit resin fumes, which means that the chimney will become clogged with soot in a much shorter period of time. The fastest wood to clog a chimney is maple, spruce and pine.
• When removing ash, do not remove it completely; leave a thin layer so that a thermal layer is formed between the burning fuel and the concrete. There should also be some soot left on the walls to improve the combustion process.
• Since the diameter of the chimney of the Gorynych models is quite wide, frequent cleaning will not be required if the operating rules are followed. The minimum frequency of chimney cleaning is once every 3 years.
• Do not block access to the cleaning hatch.
• The stove operates according to the standard, but it is necessary to carry out the first 2 fires with the windows and door open.
• If you decide to use old wood for kindling, make sure that there are no dyes or adhesives on it.
• The tank is filled with water after the fire starts.
• If the bathhouse does not warm up in cold weather and cools down to sub-zero temperatures, pour the water out of the tank, otherwise the seams may burst.

Review of the best models

We will review sauna stoves for three rooms with a water tank according to the characteristics described above, considering the pricing policy and the pros and cons.

Gorynych-3

An excellent heater with a grateless principle of longitudinal combustion, high efficiency and durability are guaranteed. The stove is located between the washing room and the steam room, warming the steam room by 80 degrees, and the washing room by 35, part of the firebox warms the floor, the rest room is warmed to 25.

• Efficiency 80-90%.
• Fuel - firewood.
• Manufacturing material – high quality steel.
• Weight 200 kg.
• Wall thickness 8 mm.
• Size 920x775x1000 MM (Height, depth, width).
• The volume of the steam room is 8-18 cubic meters, the washing room is 10-18 cubic meters.
• Price – 40-50 thousand rubles.

Installation diagram and example:

Advantages:

Durability. Service life more than 15 years. High efficiency, well warming adjacent rooms. Thick walls, 100 liter tank, weight of stones - 100 kg. Excellent reviews about the stove.

An innovative furnace system that allows you to clean ash less frequently and increase efficiency to high values. A fireplace door with a glass insert allows you to admire the fire and monitor the condition of the firewood. Large combustion chamber, large logs can be placed.

Flaws:

Large mass, average price, but not budget. Glass has to be washed from time to time.

Sauna fireplace "Gorynych"

A stove for a bathhouse for 3 rooms from the Gorynych company, a high-quality heater with a 100-liter tank. A fireplace that allows you to see the play of fire in all its glory and monitor the condition of the fuel. Huge volume of heated space. Screw chimney.

• Efficiency 80-90%.
• Fuel - firewood.
• The material of manufacture is steel enameled with heat-resistant enamel.
• Weight 260 kg.
• Wall thickness – 8 mm.
• Size 920x775x1000 mm.
• The volume of the steam room is 8-18 cubic meters, the washing room is 10-18 cubic meters, the rest room is 50 m^3.
• Price 60 thousand rubles

Advantages:

Panoramic glass door. The volume of the heated rest room is 50 cubic meters. Built-in air heating system. Service life more than 15 years. Great reviews. Fast heating in winter.

Flaws:

High price and large mass of the oven.

Berezka 24 with a 50 l tank

A heater with a tank that combines convenience, high efficiency and high-quality assembly. The hinged tank is located on the left or right side, depending on the wishes of the owner and can be easily removed and put on the other side.

• Efficiency 80%.
• Fuel - firewood.
• Manufacturing material - steel 09G2S.
• Weight 115 kg.
• Wall thickness 6-8 mm.
• Size 780x690x640 mm
• The volume of the heated room is 12-24 cubic meters.
• View - open.
• Price – 20 thousand rubles.

Advantages:

A heater with a tank of 50 liters of water quickly heats up to 100 degrees a room of up to 24 cubic meters. The walls are thick, up to 8 mm in loaded areas. A large tank saves money and the price of this heater is reasonable. Reviews talk about the durability of the heater.

Flaws:

The sauna easily overheats and it is often difficult to create good steam; it is more suitable for saunas.

Varvara Malyutka

Stove for three rooms in the bathhouse, remote firebox and tank, wood heating. 40 liter water tank. It produces steam easily and well. A carefully thought-out design heats the stove evenly.

Cold air passes into the ash scoop and warms up as it passes through the stove; the heating intensity is adjusted using the ash scoop.

• Efficiency 80%.
• Fuel is classic wood.
• Material – steel.
• Weight 78 kg.
• Wall thickness 6 mm.
• Dimensions 740x620x380 mm.
• Steam room volume – 12-16 m^
• Price 15 thousand rubles.

A budget option for a small bathhouse.

Advantages:

The stove is a domestic company that has been on the market for more than 20 years; the development of the model has absorbed all the good qualities of previous models. Low price, good efficiency, uniform heating of the heater, durability.

Flaws:

Small sizes, which is not suitable for medium and large bath rooms.

Favorite 24

Warming up the steam room with the Favorit 24 stove will provide pleasant, soft, finely dispersed steam. Convection occurs inside the housing and distributes heat evenly. 50 liter tank. Panoramic door. Characteristics:

• Efficiency 82%.
• Fuel - firewood.
• Material – steel.
• Weight 120 kg.
• Wall thickness 6-8 mm.
• The volume of the steam room is 12-24 cubic meters.
• Price 25 thousand.

Advantages:

A stove of average price, for a medium-sized bathhouse, excellent heating and high-quality assembly from a domestic manufacturer. Medium sized tank. Nice design and panoramic door.

Flaws:

Peculiarities

The Gorynych 3 sauna stove is designed for heating a steam room, as well as adjacent locations. During the heating process, thick, high-quality steam is formed, ideal for steam rooms. Buyers can choose from two model options – with a tank on the right and left side. The model can only be used on the basis of baths with an individual washing compartment. Thick material ensures long service life. The thickness of the firebox is 8 millimeters. The volume of the water tank is 100 liters.

For high reliability, manufacturers used organosilicate enamel. During the first use, a polymerization process occurs, which gives the coating its final strength.

Reviews

On the World Wide Web you can find many opinions about this product. The majority of buyers who purchased the Gorynych 3 stove were satisfied with their purchases. The furnace fulfilled all its obligations. I can't help but be pleased with the favorable price. Some users noted that buying a ready-made stove from a Russian manufacturer is much more profitable than ordering an individual assembly.

There are also negative reviews, although they are associated with the above-mentioned disadvantages of the model: heavy weight and size. Before purchasing, you must take into account the required minimum dimensions of the bath.

• Sources used in the article:
  https://banyaskazka.ru/pechi-i-dymohody/pech-gorynych-3-chertezh
• https://minecrew.ru/uteplenie/pech-bannaja-gorynych-3-shema-chertezhi.html
• https://ZnatokTepla.ru/pechi/gorynych.html
• https://krovli-zabori.ru/steny/pech-gorynych-3-chertezh.html
• https://OasisTepla.ru/stroim-banyu/pech-na-tri-pomeshcheniya-v-bane-2.html
• https://stroy-podskazka.ru/banya/pechi/gorynych-3/
• https://o-vannoy.ru/pechi/gorynych/

Rubble concrete foundation

Foundation for the stove.
The formwork must be installed on the base. A layer of large stones is placed in it. The resulting cavities are filled with crushed stone. Then the stone and crushed stone are filled with cement-sand mortar.

Mix the solution as follows: 1 part cement M 400-500 to 3 parts sand. The solution should be thick, like sour cream. They need to pour the first row of stone and take a break for a day, then lay the next row, which is then poured with mortar.

If the volume is small, then you can make a certain amount of concrete and complete the work in one day. After about a week, the foundation is ready for laying.