About the Canadian log house or the “Canadian bowl” log house

Maintenance and operation costs after construction

The main cost item when operating a log house is ensuring the tightness of the walls. The cracks that appear during drying must be caulked. Houses built using Russian logging technology require caulking 2-3 times a year for 10 years after completion of construction. Caulking is the process of filling the resulting cracks with heat-insulating materials - tow or jute fiber. This is a very labor-intensive task that requires special skills. Accordingly, the cost of work will be very high. The use of putties and sealants when caulking is unacceptable, since the process of natural air exchange in the layers of wood is disrupted, this leads to increased humidity and the development of mold and mildew.

Canadian logging does not provide for additional caulking of walls during the shrinkage process. A layer of insulation is placed in the crowns during construction; if the construction technology is followed, the walls reliably retain heat even in the harshest winter. Thanks to the special shape of the bowl, the dried upper log is tightly connected to the lower one, forming a monolithic joint that does not require additional insulation. This is why Canadian log houses are often not lined from the inside, while heat loss is kept to a minimum.

Canadian logging involves the use of round planed logs of coniferous wood as a building material for the manufacture of log houses. The wood used for these purposes is one whose wood is endowed with a dense structure and unsurpassed quality.

Scheme of processing logs using Canadian felling.

Canadian logging technology is actually a variation of Russian, since it originated in ancient times in our country. Even if we recall the traditional dwellings of the indigenous people of Canada (Eskimos from the north, Indians from the south), there is a clear external difference from a log hut. The name appeared much later than the Canadian logging itself. Having originated here, the technology did not take root in Russian spaces. In Canada, on the contrary, it gained particular popularity and began to be used everywhere, which is why it acquired its current name.

The corners in a wooden frame are most susceptible to rotting. This is due to the fact that in the traditions of Russian cutting “in the oblo” it is customary to place the bowl bottom down. Due to this, storm water easily penetrates into the bowl, which absolutely cannot happen when cutting in Canadian style.

All over the world today, felling of log houses is carried out using the Russian-Canadian technology “into the bowl”. The buildings erected using this technology are distinguished by reliability and entertainment, durability and practicality. Private construction of wooden log houses for baths and houses is gaining momentum. But in our country, Canadian technology is not considered widespread due to the insufficient number of craftsmen to implement it. Much more often they use the usual Russian cutting.

Types of manual cutting, Russian, Canadian, Norwegian cutting

Corner notches are the basis of the construction of the walls of wooden houses. Corner joints are of two types - without remainder (into the paw) and with remainder (into the bowl, into the oblo).

Types of corner chopped joints

Corner notches are the basis of the construction of the walls of wooden houses. Corner joints are of two types - without remainder (into the paw) and with remainder (into the bowl, into the oblo). Each of the mentioned types of cabins, in turn, has different design options, which differ in the complexity of manufacturing, details and efficiency. Corner chopped joints with a remainder (release) are distinguished by the protruding ends of the logs at the corners of the log house. With this construction method, the size of the room will be slightly smaller than the length of the logs, but such a corner design is the most durable and well protected from precipitation and wind, and has a more beautiful aesthetic appearance. The integrity and strength of the entire structure of a wooden house, thermal qualities and aesthetics depend on the quality of the felling.

Cuttings with residue or release

Felling in the oblo

The leading method of cutting with residue in terms of simplicity and considered one of the oldest in Russian wooden architecture. Another method of chopping is called chopping into a bowl. An inter-crown longitudinal groove (lunar groove) and a special bowl are created in the lower log - a semicircular cavity, into which a transverse log is placed on top. This method is the least labor-intensive, since the log does not have to be turned over - all necessary operations are carried out in the upper part of the log. But, it is worth considering that such a connection cannot boast of high performance properties. Firstly, the design, designed with the bowl up, is poorly protected from atmospheric influences - moisture easily gets into the bowl, due to which the insulation gets wet and rots over the years. The same situation is observed with the groove between the logs. Secondly, the flat inner plane of the bowl, due to the absence of locking or transverse elements, is easily blown by the wind. The situation especially worsens after the logs dry out and shrink, so regular caulking will be necessary.

Cutting in the hole

Cutting into the okhlop is also known as the Siberian bowl or ohlupen. It is an inverted version of the bowl connection. Its design feature is that the inter-crown groove and bowl are now located at the bottom of the upper log. This type of corner connection is more resistant to precipitation. Cutting in the clap requires more labor and skill in execution, in comparison with the above-mentioned chopping in the clap, since the log has to be turned over several times during the fitting process. As practice shows, chopping in the clap can be called chopping in the clap, so it is advisable to clarify everything in detail and discuss in detail with the performers all aspects of the connection - the location of the grooves, bowls and other subtleties.

Cutting into a fat tail

The fat tail cut is distinguished by an improved bowl. A special additional spike called a fat tail is created in the design of the bowl. On the other side of the log, a groove is created into which the tenon of the next log is inserted. This cutting method is notable for the fact that it provides excellent strength and additional sealing of corners, since in this case direct blowing is negated.

When chopping into the fat tail, the bowl can be oriented both up and down. This type of connection is technically much more complex than conventional bowls. However, due to its excellent performance characteristics, fat-tail cutting is widespread. This type of cutting is often called cutting in the area with a notch or with a spike. In fact, this is a completely different type of connection, which is described below.

Hook cutting

When talking about this type of cut-to-hook connection, it is worth noting that in practice and in specialized literature, cut-to-hook can refer to two completely different designs of corner notches. Based on this, we will pay attention to both.

The first option is notable for the fact that the bowl is selected only to the middle of the log (from the axis of the log on one side). A semicircular groove is created from the top side of the log to the unselected remainder of the bowl. Unlike many other notches, thanks to this connection method, the corner is completely protected from through blowing. The hook cutting method is considered very durable and warm. However, it is worth considering that connecting with a hook is a very labor-intensive process and requires great skill.

The second option differs in that it involves cutting off the inside of the logs and achieving a right angle with smooth internal walls. To some extent, the configuration of the joint of this notch resembles the above-mentioned bowl with a notch. The only difference is that from the inside the log is trimmed to a quarter of its diameter, and a tenon-cut is created equal in length to the size of the hem.

Canadian cabin

Canadian cutting, despite having common features with fat tail cutting, differs significantly from it in shape. Unlike the round Russian bowl, the Canadian cutting is trapezoidal in shape. The Canadian bowl is selected from the log at the bottom. Just as when joining a fat tail, in a Canadian cut a spike is left inside the bowl. On the top side of the log, inclined edges are created, repeating the contours of the bowl of the log lying on top and the groove for the tenon. The Canadian bowl is famous for its strength, tightness, and therefore warmth. The most important advantage of the Canadian lock compared to a round bowl is its shrinkage behavior.

In a log house with round bowls, the following situation is observed: as the logs shrink and shrink, their diameter decreases, while the parameters of the bowl remain practically unchanged. This leads to the appearance of cracks in the corners that need to be caulked. But the “cunning” design of the Canadian lock, under the influence of shrinkage, on the contrary, jams even more camo. All this guarantees excellent tightness and absence of cracks.

It is worth noting that the Canadian cabin consists not only of a non-standard shape of the lock, but also includes a whole range of technological nuances, which, only in the case of impeccable execution, ensure excellent tightness of the structure for many years.

One of the advantages of Canadian logging is the complete absence of gaps between the logs. This characteristic feature is observed not only in newly erected log houses, but after their shrinkage and drying. Thanks to this, you only need to put the insulation into the crowns once and never have to think about caulking again.

Cutting into the saddle

Saddle cutting is a simplified method of Canadian cutting with a tenon. The only difference in this option is that a tenon is not made in the bowl and a corresponding groove is not created in the upper part of the log. The rest of the design is similar to the Canadian castle.

Norwegian cabin

Norwegian logging is almost identical to Canadian logging. The only difference between the Canadian and Norwegian deckhouse is the carriage. The Canadian cabin is made from a log, and the Norwegian one is made from a gun carriage. Norwegian cutting is made from a carriage, this is the so-called oval log. Two parallel sides of a log are sawed off or cut down on both sides, which makes the log oval along its entire length. The angle of the lock with ribs and tenon is similar to the Canadian lock. Thanks to the smooth surfaces of the carriage, the walls are smooth, and the volume of the room increases. The appearance of a Norwegian log house made from large-sized carriages is very impressive, the unique design of each carriage, the power and color of the house.

Cuttings without residue

Connection in paw

This type of connection has a number of advantages over cuttings with residue. Firstly, material consumption is significantly reduced, which means construction costs are reduced. Secondly, the rooms are more spacious. Thirdly, from the outside the corners look completely straight. However, this connection method also has significant disadvantages. The main disadvantages of paw cutting are lower structural strength, increased airflow, and susceptibility to the negative effects of precipitation. To eliminate these shortcomings, the corners of the log houses must be additionally lined from the outside.

There are two options for chopping with a paw - an oblique paw (dovetail) and a straight paw.

Straight paw

With this type of felling, a small distance is retreated from the corner and the log begins to be cut from the sides first. Next, a “paw” is made at the end of the log - they create an even rectangle, which must fit perfectly with the identical neighboring one. The main secret that needs to be taken into account at the very beginning of felling is that to create the first “paw” you need to choose a thinner log and start from its narrow edge. Otherwise, if you start the procedure with a large-diameter log, you won’t be able to make a rectangle on thin logs. The resulting width and length on all logs will be the same, but the height will be different, since it is determined by the diameter of the log.

As a rule, they try to supplement a straight paw with a rectangular root spike from its inner corner. This is done in order to achieve better performance properties, since in its pure form a straight paw is a rather weak connection. A tenon is created on the upper edge of the paw, and a groove for it is selected from the lower side.

Koka paw

Cutting into an oblique paw is a more complex joining method. In this case, the shape of the paw is significantly modified; now it represents a trapezoid, two planes of which are inclined. The features of the shape formed the basis for the name “dovetail” (Fig. 2). This joint configuration provides greater corner strength than a “straight paw”. However, this type of connection is very labor-intensive and can only be done by highly qualified craftsmen.

The oblique paw may have an even more improved configuration - with a spike, which significantly improves its strength. When constructing using an “oblique paw” connection, a template is removed from the first paw, for example, from plywood, and the remaining ends are marked according to it.

When cutting with an oblique paw, you can use GOST 30974-2002 to select the correct connection parameters. GOST sets geometric dimensions for the paw, determined by the diameter of the log. This will be especially advisable if the logs have almost the same diameter or if a rounded (calibrated) log is used.

DESIGN FEATURES OF LOG WALLS

Despite the fact that wooden architecture has a long history, traditional technologies gradually undergo changes over time, increasingly acquiring modern features. This also applies to wooden log houses. Traditional structural components, used for the construction of log walls since ancient times, are gradually supplemented with various technical details that make it possible to improve the performance characteristics of log walls. Next, we will touch on various design techniques that can be used to compensate for a number of shortcomings that arise due to shrinkage of logs.

Connecting logs along the length

When building large wooden log houses, developers usually face a situation where the length of the wall exceeds the length of the log. The standard log length is 6 meters. In this case, the logs need to be butted together at their ends. So that the joints are not visible from the outside, the end connections of the logs are made exclusively inside the cuts. It is important to take into account that it is impossible to lay only all butted crowns in a row in height. A solid log must go through at least three rows of joined crowns. However, dressing with a solid log is ideally best done every row. In cases where the house has a long blank wall that does not intersect with other internal walls, an additional cut is made from short sections of logs in this wall, into which all joints are removed.

To connect logs along their length, a dovetail configuration with a tenon is traditionally used. This type of connection is quite simple to perform, but due to the shrinkage of the logs, its strength may decrease over time.

To join logs in a cut, another method is often used. With this connection method, the logs are attached to dowels. For each log being joined, a distance of approximately 1/4 of the log diameter is set aside from the end and a hole is created for the dowels. This hole is continued in the adjacent perpendicular log. The joined logs, after installing the dowels, are carefully connected to the perpendicular logs of the cut.

Another very common way to connect logs is to tie them with threaded rods. In this method, grooves are created on top of the joined logs at a short distance from the ends, and a cut is made from them to the end. Then a pin with nuts and washers at the ends is placed in it, then the nuts are tightened, pulling the logs together. To ensure longevity of the connection, the grooves (ideally also logs) should be antiseptic with special wood preservatives.

Undercut

One of the most important components of the construction of log walls is the design of the interventional groove, also called the lunar groove. To achieve a perfect connection of logs, the inter-crown groove should have a slightly smaller radius than the log itself. Then the log is adjacent to its neighbor with two ribs very tightly, and inter-crown insulation is placed in a small gap in the center of the groove. In this case, the edges of the groove protect the seal from getting wet. This design has another significant advantage. Due to shrinkage of wood, logs become covered with cracks on the bottom side. The log literally “sits” when the edges of the seam slightly diverge. As a result, the logs, after shrinking the frame, fit even more tightly to each other. But if in the design the groove of the upper and the radius of the lower logs are identical in size, then after a crack appears, the edges of the groove will move apart, which will lead to the appearance of cracks between the logs that will need to be caulked.

This specific design of the lunar groove is the main difference between traditional and modern cutting technologies. In the old days, to insulate inter-crown joints, they traditionally used tow or moss, and repeatedly caulked the joints of logs. Nowadays, special rolls made of natural materials, such as tape jute, are used as interventional insulation; the width of the materials is selected depending on the width of the groove.

Compensation cut

The use of a compensation unloading cut carried out on top of the log is another modern improvement of centuries-old technologies. The name itself already eloquently makes it clear that the cut is created in order to relieve excess internal stress in the log. The location of the cut was chosen for a reason, because the cut is securely covered by the next log, which prevents moisture from penetrating into it. The cut expands during the drying process, but the number of cracks throughout the log, and most importantly their depth and size, decreases.

The cut is made along the axis of the logs, but does not protrude to their ends and does not pass through the locks. The absence of a cut at the ends is a very important point. After all, the indentations from the ends and cuts are created not for decoration, but to prevent cold air from penetrating from the street into the wall through the outer ends. This is especially important if the building has walls, the inner end of which faces the house, and the outer end faces the street. In this case, creating a cut along the entire length of the log will lead to through blowing of the wall, which will lead to the need for additional sealing.

Hanging corners

This technology applies to all compounds with a remainder. The technology of hanging external corners can significantly reduce the appearance of inter-crown cracks after shrinkage of the log house. The essence of the technology is that the inter-crown grooves on the protruding ends of the logs are selected a little stronger, so as to achieve a 5-8mm gap between the logs. As a result, the logs stick out freely in the air without leaning on each other.

The advantage of this design solution is that, when exposed to air, the outer ends of the logs dry out much less than the rest of the log. As the log house shrinks, the gaps gradually become smaller, and the ends, in turn, shrink more tightly. While the absence of gaps would lead to the log hanging on the external outlets. In this case, gaps would form on the inner parts of the corner, since the internal diameter of the logs would be slightly larger than the diameter of the outlets.

CONSTRUCTION OF LOOM

When constructing a log house, horizontal waterproofing is laid under the first crown. It does not allow the wood to come into contact with the foundation plane, preventing the penetration of moisture and preventing the appearance of mold and rotting of the log house.

Laying the first crown begins with half-logs, on top of which full-fledged round logs are then laid. Particular attention is paid to laying the first crown; all operations must be carried out with extreme precision. Place it in a horizontal plane on the foundation, maintaining right angles. Be sure to antisepticize the first crown.

An inter-crown seal is laid between the rows of logs. To ensure that the sealing material does not move during the assembly of the crowns, it is recommended to secure it using a furniture stapler.

To join logs, dowels (dowels) are used, placing them at a distance of 1.5-2 m from each other. Dowels used in wooden house construction are round rods (shafts) made from wood of more durable species (oak, birch) than logs; their diameter is 25-30 mm. For them, the installation simultaneously drills a through hole in three logs. The length of the dowel should be 20% less than the hole prepared for it. Nagel in macce walls are placed in a checkerboard pattern.

After installing the entire frame, logs and beams, rafters are cut in, then the subfloor and roof are installed. The roof is made temporarily, covered with roofing felt or film. The log house is treated with an antiseptic, and the construction site is preserved for a year, because... The log house should shrink within a year.

After shrinkage of the log house, the final installation of the rafter system and subfloors is carried out. In the process of shrinking the log house, gaps appear after the wood dries out, so it is necessary to re-caulk the log house, then sand it and cover it with finishing impregnation (oil, varnish, paint, stain, etc.) of which there is a huge amount today. The rafter system is re-tightened and the roof is installed, and then all the necessary internal finishing work. Windows, doors, finished floors and ceilings, electrical and plumbing are installed.

You can buy a house made of cedar by choosing one of the kit options

in the car Price includes

felling of a log house (work and materials);
marking the log house and dismantling the log house before loading;
loading bathhouse elements into vehicles for transportation along the route Sayanogorsk - the Customer’s foundations.

on the foundation
The price includes:

works and materials included in the “In the car” package;
work and lumber for the installation of “independent floors” on the Customer’s foundations;
assembly of the log house on the Customer’s foundations;
metal fasteners;
interventional insulation;

under the roof
The price includes:

Works and materials included in the package “On the foundation”
work and lumber for the installation of a rafter system

turnkey
B can take responsibility and build a turnkey house and bathhouse. The cost will largely depend on the construction of the foundations, the choice of finishing materials for floors and roofing, as well as equipment for life support.

Project of a log house made of Ontario cedar logs

The project of a log house made of cedar logs was implemented by us in the Moscow region. If desired, you can change the layout of the house according to your needs.

Construction and felling of a log house "Ontario"

Stages of house construction work:

felling a log house in Siberia takes approximately 2-3 months depending on the time of year
transportation of the log to your foundations - 12 days
assembly and construction and finishing work - 4-6 months

The cost of felling includes the design of door and window openings, fitting of ridges and ridges below the level of the slope, openings for hidden jacks in the pillars.

LOG PROCESSING:

Debarking and planing with eder. This method allows you to preserve the natural curvature of the log and gives a wild style to the log house.
During felling at a work site in Siberia, grooves and bowls are treated with Neomid antiseptic. At the end of the felling, the entire log house is treated with a transport antiseptic for 5-6 months.
Upon completion of the assembly of the log house and installation of the roof, as a rule, sanding of the logs and coating with a permanent antiseptic or oil is required.

Types of logs used

Don’t think that the technology is a one-size-fits-all solution with no possibility of making adjustments. The greatest space for individual choice is provided by the variety of the main material - logs. Or rather, methods of preparing wood. It must be said that Canadian technology requires considerable investment in building materials, so there will be an opportunity to save money. However, you should start with the optimal solution for those who do not want to skimp on quality. In this case, you should prefer a scraped log. This material preserves the natural shape of the surface, which also increases the aesthetic advantages of the log house. The drawing of the crowns in such a design is carried out with minimal tolerances, duplicating the complex shape of the elements.

The option of planed logs is no less attractive. All external flaws and defects of the log are smoothed out, thereby simplifying the drawing process. This is a durable and high-quality processed log, which is inferior to the scraped one only in aesthetic advantages. If you plan to cut log houses in Canada with minimal investment, then it is worth using a planed log, the drawing of which is carried out in one approach. However, the tolerances of “bowls” with grooves in this case increase, which may require caulking.

The history of the appearance of Canadian logging

In the mid-18th century, Russian settlers brought this technology to Canada. The local population (Indians and Eskimos) did not know this method of building wooden houses.

In Russia at the same time, architects preferred faster and less labor-intensive cutting methods. Arriving in Canada, Russian craftsmen were forced to adapt Russian cutting to local conditions, sacrifice speed and simplicity, giving preference to reliability and thermal efficiency.

Now Canadian log houses are popular not only in North America and Canada, but also in other countries, including Russia.

Story

Despite its name, the technology for constructing log houses called “Canadian logging” is one of the varieties of the so-called “Russian logging”.

It was invented by our ancestors, but it became most popular initially in Canada. The indigenous peoples of Canada, the Eskimos who lived in the north, and the Indians who lived in the south, traditionally did not use the construction of wooden houses in their lives.

It was the Russian pioneers, who appeared in Canada in the mid-18th century, who used this technology to build their usual homes. Since Canadian logging is more reliable for protecting a wooden structure, but at the same time more labor-intensive, it has not taken root in its homeland. While the settlers, thanks to their passion and energy, choosing between the durability of their home and the speed of its construction, chose the first. And it is precisely because of this that this technology has become widely popular in North America.

Cutting methods “with residue” and “without residue”

When making a log house using the “residue” method, or cutting “into a bowl”, a recess is cut out in the logs, and the next log is placed in it. With this, the logs protrude beyond the walls by a certain distance (25 cm on average). Thus, the material consumption increases at the rate of 50 cm for each log in the log house. Such costs are offset by good protection of the corners of the log house from wind and rain. It is believed that such a log house is superior in stability to other construction technologies. If the logs are processed carefully and efficiently, the building looks attractive and even decorative; moreover, it does not require either external or internal wall decoration. This cutting method has many varieties:

Russian cup,
canadian cup,
Norwegian cup
German cup and others.

Today, the “Norwegian castle” and “Canadian cup”

Of the many known methods for constructing classic log houses, there are two technologies for cutting log houses that allow you to avoid the appearance of cracks when the house shrinks and do without constant caulking.

Advantages

It is profitable to build houses and baths with “ROYAL CEDAR”! Only we:

We carefully select building materials. We have a production site and logging plots. We don't buy timber, we cut it ourselves in the Siberian taiga! Each tree is inspected by a master with twenty years of experience and checked with an ultrasonic flaw detector. For construction, blanks with good indicators of curvature, density and resin content are used. Our logs have no visible or hidden defects. Unsuitable specimens are rejected and used for lumber production.
We develop detailed projects. The sketch part is a sectional view of the frame, a layout with an explication of the premises and a foundation plan. All documents necessary for production are contained in the constructive section: cutting maps for all types of lumber, diagrams for laying crowns and wall layouts. All design documents are created automatically, which eliminates errors. Our log houses are cut in strict accordance with design developments, and each item in the estimate can be justified with documentation.
We hire the best carpenters and finishers. We build turnkey houses and bathhouses. We do not involve subcontractors in our work; we carry out all design, construction and finishing work ourselves. Our staff employs the best Siberian carpenters and all-round finishers, so we are confident in the result. All work is our guarantee!
We offer prices from the manufacturer. Projects from ROYAL CEDAR contain documents that allow you to save: cutting maps for wall material and specifications for all lumber. We are manufacturers and do not work with intermediaries. Our Customers pay only for the material and work of our craftsmen. Remuneration for intermediaries and resellers is not included in the construction budget.

Material selection

Canadian house logging involves the use of logs that meet specific standards. Experts insist on using logs with a diameter of at least 30 cm at the top. This condition must be met due to the specifics of shrinkage and shrinkage of the entire log structure. A larger diameter can be used at the request of the customer - the thicker the log, the fewer crowns are needed for a log structure, which, of course, will have a positive effect on preserving the heat of the future home. The thick log guarantees thermal insulation of the corner cups.

The length of the logs used can be 14m. During the construction of walls that exceed this parameter in length or according to design needs, joining can be done using screw ties. In addition, the junction must be covered with a transverse wall of the cut. It turns out that for large-area projects, using different lengths of harvested logs, it is possible to erect buildings of any shape and size

It is important to choose the right logs in terms of quality, diameter and length

In the process of building wooden cottages using Canadian logging, only coniferous wood is used. This is due to the high resistance of coniferous wood to environmental humidity. Such a house will not be subject to destruction either in wet weather or in rain or snow. This wood contains a lot of resins; in addition, it has a high density.

Can be used:

pine It is traditionally used for the construction of log houses. The level of its resin content and high density guarantee the durability of the structure, and the attractive amber shade of the timber makes it possible to leave the cottage without cladding
larch. Its strength is 30% higher than that of pine. The level of resin is also higher, so it is more resistant to damage by microorganisms. This wood is a good option for baths
cedar (cedar pine) is a natural antiseptic. Since ancient times, people have noticed that this wood improves the health of those who live in the house
spruce
Canadian red cedar.

What are the differences from Norwegian cutting

Similar climatic conditions in Scandinavia and Canada also led to many similarities in approaches to construction. Therefore, the two technologies have more similarities than differences. For example, both methods allow you to form a dense, self-wedging frame. Canadian cutting, like Norwegian cutting, is done without the use of nails, so the responsibility of the architects designing such a house increases.

But there are also significant differences. The main one is the use of large logs, the diameter of which can reach 50 cm. In the case of a Norwegian log house, a well-prepared carriage is more often used. Another distinguishing nuance lies in the technique of forming corners. North American builders use “saddle” cutting, which precisely ensures the tightness of the fit of the logs. Largely due to this feature, Canadian log house cutting is more popular. A photo with an example of fitting logs is presented below.

Wooden houses of Canadian felling from the Sokolnikov Brothers

The cutting of log houses into the Canadian bowl by our specialists is distinguished by the following features:

we make houses in the north of the Kirov region;
We harvest logs for Canadian felling in the forests of the northern Kirov, Vologda and Arkhangelsk regions, as well as the Komi Republic;
We work on individual projects;
We use hand-cut, debarked logs;
We use natural inter-crown sealant – moss;
We give gifts to the new home - unique handmade chopped furniture.

Prices for Canadian logs

Felling technology	Log diameter	Price per m3
Canadian cabin	up to 30 cm	from 14,000 rub.
	30-36 cm	from 15,000 rub.
	36-42 cm	from 16,000 rub.
	over 42 cm	from 17,000 rub.
A more accurate price is formed in the process of working on an individual project

Diamond bowl or Diamond edging

Construction of houses in a diamond bowl requires high skill from carpenters, because this is a very complex technology. The difference from the usual Canadian method is the number of stitches - they are performed not on one side of the crown, but on two:
A large number of edges intersect in the cuts, which outwardly resembles a diamond. This is where the name of this method comes from, with the help of which you can emphasize the natural shape of the butts and the beauty of the wood texture.
Tightly fitted (up to a millimeter) corner joints of the crowns are considered the pinnacle of the craftsmanship of hewers.
The advantages of a diamond bowl are the same as those of a regular Canadian one: complete tightness and no cracks after the frame shrinks.
The only drawback of diamond cutting is the reduction in the width of the thermal groove. It is for this reason that it is advisable to choose this type of felling when a wooden house is being built from logs with a diameter of more than 460 mm. In large log houses, diamond cutting looks especially elegant!

Advantages of Canadian logging

The Canadian Bowl is famous for:

strength,
tightness,
reliability,
warmth.

Canadian felling: technology features

Canadian cutting combines the characteristic features of Russian and Norwegian styles. Large diameter logs are suitable for construction, which are carefully adjusted to each other when assembling the structure.
Carpenters make a special “lock”: a tenon is cut out in a wedge-shaped bowl in the lower crown, and a trapezoid-shaped bowl is cut out in the upper one. Under the weight of the logs, during shrinkage, the fastening becomes tightly jammed, thereby achieving complete tightness of the “lock.”
Full matching of the bowls in shape and self-jamming of the “lock” minimize the risk of the connections opening over time. Atmospheric moisture does not penetrate inside the corner. The insulation located in the grooves retains its natural properties for a long time.
Using Canadian technology, logs are cut on both sides at an angle of 45 degrees. The length of the notch is equal to twice the diameter of the log.
For Canadian log houses, logs processed with a stapler are used. This tool allows you to very carefully debark the workpiece, leaving the sapwood intact. Such logs look original, and log houses made from them last a long time.
The grooves are made with an adze, the wood is hewn along the grain. This allows you to clog the pores and resin channels. This “preservation” increases the service life of wood.
For Canadian logging, it is recommended to use logs with a diameter of 400 mm or more. We build from cedar, pine and larch with a diameter of up to 700 mm.

Features of houses made from Canadian logs

Such houses themselves are distinguished by their high artistic value. The shape of Canadian cedar creates a unique façade and forms attractive walls within the structure. Due to their good thermal insulation properties, such houses do not need to be insulated. If you want an antique cottage, the walls can be left without cladding.

Canadian-type houses have the following features:

the ability to build a building of any complexity;
the use of large diameter logs, chopped into a bowl;
the ability to create an unlimited number of interior spaces.

When processing wood, its outer strong layer is preserved, so that in winter cold and wind do not penetrate into such a structure. Also, its presence protects the log house from the influence of fungus, moisture, and changes in structure under the influence of sunlight.

Material selection

For the construction of a hand-cut Canadian house, round logs with a diameter of 30-60 cm are used. Since the quality of wood is the “foundation” of the durability of the future house, they undergo careful selection at the stage of purchasing raw materials. After this, the selected forest comes to our base, where in specially prepared places it undergoes preparatory processing, which is divided into two stages:

stage - sanding. This is the removal of bark using a scraper or a sharpened shovel. It is worth noting that this must be done quickly enough to prevent the process of rotting and the spread of the bark beetle. For example, it takes 2-2.5 months to build a log house with an area of 100 sq/m, but the 1st stage of raw materials is completely completed within the first two weeks from the moment they arrive at the production site.
stage - sharpening with an electric planer. The purpose of this treatment is to remove remaining bark and give the trunk a more aesthetic appearance. In this case, contrary to popular belief, not the entire protective layer is cut off, but only a small part of it. For example, a tree trunk with a diameter of 30 cm has a protective layer of 5-6 cm, but only 3-7 mm is cut off. After sharpening, each log is treated with a special antiseptic to protect and preserve it for the entire construction period until the final painting of the log house at the customer’s site.

If during the preparatory processing process traces of blue staining, rot, or any other previously invisible negative defects are discovered, then such material is also rejected partially or completely and goes into the production of recycled materials.

And only after going through all the above procedures and receiving final approval, the material arrives at the assembly site.

Preparation and construction of a log house in Canadian style

The construction of a log house in a Canadian bowl is carried out in several stages:

Creating a project. One of the important stages that requires special attention and bilateral cooperation between the customer and the contractor. Canadian house felling is predominantly manual, exclusive work carried out according to an individual project.
Harvesting logs for Canadian logging. The main work at this stage is debarking. The top soft layer is removed from the logs, while the hardest layers are left. Barked logs are made in several ways - using a scraper, an electric planer or a high-pressure water jet.
Cutting a log into a bowl. The log house is pre-fabricated in production in accordance with the project.
Assembling a house in a Canadian bowl. The prepared and fitted elements of the log house are transported to the site where final assembly is carried out.
Roofing.
Shrinkage.
Arrangement of openings, utility networks and finishing works.

The last three stages are not much different from similar activities with other technologies for manual house cutting.

Please ask our specialists any questions about Canadian log cabins by calling the specified phone number or sending us an email.

Canadian log castle

The castle of the Canadian log house has the shape of a trapezoid. Trapezoidal cuts are made on the lower log. The same shape is repeated on the walls of the castle bowl of the upper log. The Canadian Bowl is made using a chainsaw.

The "Canadian Bowl" is hand-selected. The bowl is removed in such a way that after laying it on the lower log there is no gap between the castle bowl and the log. The peculiarity of Canadian logging is its maturation. The log house is cut and assembled on the manufacturer's premises. A log house takes 12-18 months to mature.

During maturation, the log house goes through two stages. The first stage is drying. When drying, gaps form between the logs and in the locks. At the second stage, the log house settles. During the settling process, the gaps disappear, and the lock seems to be “pulled” onto the log, making the connection very tight.

After dismantling the frame and assembling it locally, insulation is placed in the castle bowl. This additionally seals the frame, and what is typical is that the seal remains invisible, and the walls of the frame do not require re-caulking.

The “Canadian bowl” log house is distinguished by a variety of castle connections. Let me give you an example of such a complex castle. This lock has a wedge. The wedge is cut in the upper lock. A groove is cut in the lower lock, into which a wedge is inserted during drying.

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Canadian log house - preparation of logs

For a Canadian log house, logs with a diameter of up to 500 mm are selected. Logs for a classic Canadian log house are processed only by hand. In this case, the sapwood of the log is necessarily preserved. Let me remind you that sapwood is the outer layer of wood about 40 mm. This outer layer, “hardened” as the tree grows, is more resistant to scratching, blueing, and mold.

The wood chosen is pine or larch. The log house matures, that is, dries and settles, within 12-18 months. After this, the log house is dismantled and reassembled on the customer’s foundation.

Types of wood for a Canadian home

To assemble a durable frame, you need to select a type of wood that will have increased performance characteristics.
To assemble a durable frame, you need to select a type of wood that will have increased performance characteristics. Considering that the climate in Russia is moderate, and winters can be quite severe, it is necessary to select logs made from northern cold-resistant wood species. The most commonly used are coniferous varieties. The following are especially popular:

Siberian pine. An excellent option for building a log cottage. Pine logs have an affordable price in tandem with optimal technical characteristics. Harvested in the cold season, pine logs have a high density and minimal humidity, which contributes to a small shrinkage of the finished log house. In addition, pine releases valuable phytoncides into the atmosphere, which have a beneficial effect on health, and in particular the respiratory system of household members. Pine logs retain heat well, resist water and are not susceptible to rotting. In addition, pine is easier to process manually.
Larch. More expensive building material, but also more durable. Larch logs are particularly dense, making them more difficult to work with than pine. But larch logs are resistant to moisture. Moreover, under the influence of water, larch becomes even stronger and denser. It is worth noting that this moisture-resistant type of wood does not rot for many years, which has a positive effect on the strength of the entire structure. The price of larch logs is several times higher than pine, which makes it less in demand. Most often, larch is used as a material for the backing board and the lower crown of the log house.

Spruce logs are mainly used to construct internal partitions at home.

Spruce. This type of coniferous wood has increased fiber. That is why spruce logs, although good for health, are mainly used for constructing internal partitions at home. Because when wet, spruce will open its pores and fibers, absorbing excess moisture. But inside, spruce wood will look unique. The even light shade along the entire length of the round timber and the valuable aromas of the resins that the log will emit inside the house make it quite popular.
Cedar. It is considered an elite type of wood because it has increased strength and a noble shade. A cedar log means the durability of a cottage and a light cedar aroma in the air of the log house. But the price of a cedar log stops the developer and forces him to use simpler types of wood.

Technology

Canadian felling, the technology of which is excellent when you need a log house with a round log, provides excellent protection from drafts. Also, this type of felling makes it possible not to think about constantly filling up the log house. After all, the technology itself assumes the absence of gaps.

The Canadian log house is built using the tongue-and-groove technology. The groove is a Canadian cup, it faces down, as a result of which additional protection from drafts and moisture is guaranteed. The groove is trapezoidal in shape, and the tenon coinciding with it is wedge-shaped. This is what prevents the cups from opening during drying with the formation of cracks (as in the case of Russian felling), but “jams” the logs one on top of the other. It is worth noting that neither moisture nor air comes into contact with the insulation in the bowl, which means it retains all its properties.

In the process of forming the Canadian cup, double-sided cutting of the log is used at an angle of 45-50 degrees. However, the accuracy of the angle is determined by a specialist for specific logs and adjusted manually. The length of the cut is taken to be two diameters of the log itself (often 60 cm)

It is very important to align the notch lines with the mating line of the cups to ensure the integrity of the logs

To guarantee perfect abutment and “jamming” of the log in the groove and cups during drying, it is worth leaving a special saddle gap of approximately 25 mm. This process is called hanging logs - underwriting or drawing with magnification.

Experts distinguish two types of bowl (lock):

classic with two tassels at the top
diamond or diamond notch, which has four notches, two on top and two on bottom. Quite similar to a Norwegian castle, only on a round log.

In Canadian logging there are log releases at the corner joints, which are called “corners”. Such releases are designed in different ways: straight end, along the radius, in a running pattern, figured/curvilinear. The use of log “skirts” in the corners of the butt allows you to give an attractive style to log houses, which emphasizes the uniqueness and natural beauty of natural architecture.

Why is it worth building according to Canadian logging?

There are a number of reasons why it is worth constructing buildings using Canadian technology:

this method requires builders to select and process each log by hand. Even the planing and sanding of logs has to be done by specialists rather than by machines, which makes it possible to choose the highest quality material and achieve its best condition for construction. Thus, a log prepared for Canadian felling compares favorably with a rounded one
Heat saving is the basic concept for this technology. For this reason, even cups for insulation and grooves are selected manually to guarantee the most accurate connection
Due to the peculiarities of fitting logs, it is possible to build a log house in such a way that it looks like a solid mass without joints, gaps, or gaps. The insulation is not visible either from the outside or from the inside, and a second “caulk” is not needed
Canadian log cutting assumes that during the process of forming walls, the outer layer of wood is not removed, this guarantees the building additional biosecurity and protection from freezing
The wood layer prevents damage by microorganisms, and also preserves the material from destruction from ultraviolet radiation and burnout. This means that the tree does not change its color under the sun and its properties over time.
the log retains its natural curves, natural shape and surface structure, thus removing some artificiality from the log house
Using this technology, a special microclimate is formed in the house, as a result of which the level of comfort and coziness increases. The bathhouse looks very advantageous - Canadian felling makes it possible to preserve the maximum amount of properties of pristine wood for this room.

Canadian felling: features of bowls, manufacturing stages, wood, advantages and disadvantages

Among the methods of log house construction such as Russian logging, “Lafet” or Norwegian logging, Timber Frame, as well as “Post & Beam” or frame construction of houses and baths, Canadian logging has a number of features that affect the quality characteristics of log houses.

And first of all, this is the increased strength of the log houses, due to the formation of the so-called Canadian bowls and manual fitting of the locks. And also resistance to moisture due to the fact that this technology provides for minimal processing of logs, essentially just sanding them, without touching the protective layers of the tree, namely bast and sapwood.

Actually, Canadian logging is named as such, probably because Canada is the first country where this technology was standardized in 1976, and in 2012 the standardization was supplemented. As a result, the requirements for marking systems, depending on the design of joints or cups, were documented to control shrinkage and torsion of round logs during the drying process.

Features of the Canadian bowl

The Canadian bowl is a trapezoid-shaped saddle. On the lower log, in the upper mating part, two notches are made with angles that depend on the diameter of the log and a length equal to at least two of its diameters, and a tenon is also formed to prevent the log from twisting during shrinkage. Accordingly, a saddle and a groove are made in the upper log with depths that should be greater than both the saddle and deeper than the tenon by at least 25 mm.

Thus, gaps are obtained both in the saddle and in the mating of the tenon and groove, which disappear during the drying process and at the same time such a lock self-seals, turning into a very dense and, accordingly, durable connection.

Stages of making a Canadian bowl

The process of forming a Canadian bowl consists of the following stages:

On the log, using a marking scheme, as well as using special tools, mark the contours of the notches.
Using a chainsaw, form the cuts. Actually, due to the fact that a chainsaw is used, and not an axe, the cuts would most correctly be called cuts.
The surface of the cuts is first planed and then thoroughly sanded.
Mark the groove for the tenon and again cut it out using a chainsaw. Finish the groove using a chisel and grind the surfaces.

The same manipulations are performed on the reverse side of the log, however, instead of a groove, a tenon is made there, which in carpenter's slang is called a fat tail.

Features of construction, including Canadian log houses

Both the production of log structural elements and the assembly of house buildings are carried out, as a rule, on specially equipped sites.

At the same time, it is possible not only to select the most suitable logs, but also to control carpentry work at all stages, both the manufacture of bowls and the preliminary assembly of a particular log house.

Upon completion of the preliminary assembly of a log house, builders mark each of its elements and draw up an assembly diagram, which is an integral annex to the contract with the customer. Since he is not present at the stages of manufacturing and fitting the bowls, as well as during the preliminary assembly of the log house, observing only when the house is assembled from logs on a finished foundation within a few days.

Wood for Canadian log houses

As for the types of wood for Canadian log houses, coniferous wood has the most suitable performance parameters:

Siberian pine. It is affordable in cost. Harvested in winter, pine wood is dense and has low humidity parameters, which leads to minimal shrinkage. In addition, it releases phytoncides that have a beneficial effect on the health of residents. Pine retains heat well, has moisture-repellent properties, and therefore is not susceptible to putrefactive processes. It is easy to process manually;
larch, which is more expensive than pine, but it is also more durable. Therefore, logs of this wood are more difficult to process. But it surpasses pine in moisture resistance, and also, if it is exposed to moisture, then larch becomes denser, and therefore stronger;
cedar, which is considered elite wood. A log house made of cedar means strength, durability, and the cedar aroma of phytoncides in the premises of the log house, as well as noble shades of wood, both the exterior and the interior of a log house or cottage.

Advantages and disadvantages

Canadian cutting has many accolades from customers. They are quite fair, but there are also some not indisputable statements.

The undoubted advantage of double-sided webbing, as well as the presence of tenons and grooves that form a self-sealing lock as the logs dry out. This eliminates the appearance of gaps in log houses, and therefore eliminates the need for repeated caulking.

Regarding other statements, you can both agree and argue.

For example, the fact that the Canadian bowl is a more heat-resistant compound than Russian, Norwegian and other cuts. This is true when compared with a connection in a round bowl and with such notches as in a hood or in a blaze.

Nevertheless, notches of the type in the flap, with the so-called undercut, as well as in the fat tail, are not inferior to the Canadian loghouse in both strength and heat resistance. And such a cutting, like a hook, exceeds the performance characteristics of the Canadian cutting.

In general, the construction of Canadian log houses is more complex, and therefore requires more professional carpenters. However, the emergence of demand for this technology in the Russian market cannot leave both architects and builders aside.

Assembling a wooden house at the customer's site

Waterproofing is laid on the pre-laid foundation and the lower crown is mounted. According to the markings, logs are laid sequentially to form walls. To prevent the house's frame from being blown through, the insulation channels are filled with flax sealant. Special reinforcing elements are installed in window and door openings and gaps are calculated taking into account the upcoming shrinkage and shrinkage of wooden walls.

To protect the wooden structure from fungus, bark beetle and the harmful effects of the external environment, it is treated with an antiseptic drug. To increase its efficiency, impregnation is carried out three times: during cutting of logs and cutting grooves, after preliminary assembly and during final installation.

basic information

This technology, despite its name, has Russian roots (from the inhabitants of Novgorod the Great), who created colonies in the 15th century. When cutting using the “Canadian bowl” technology, the walls of the building look like a solid mass, while the bowl itself has the shape of a trapezoid.

Figure 1. Comparison of Canadian and Russian logging

The specificity of the joint is the creation of an additional technical groove, which disappears during shrinkage and drying. When building log houses in all countries of the world, there is a big problem: if you do not caulk the cracks, then in winter the house will turn out to be uninhabitable. With a bathhouse, this problem is completely relevant, because... It will be impossible to wash in it, and this is fraught with all sorts of diseases. In Canadian logging technology, this issue is eliminated precisely due to the specifics of creating a lock, which, when dried, brings the tree into an ideally dense state.

If you pay attention to Fig. 1, you can see how the process of shrinking occurs in Russian and Canadian log houses

Russian technology is more chaotic, which is why pressure comes from all sides immediately towards the center, and then the elastic force tries to restore everything back, which is why cracks appear. Canadian felling is a horizontal lateral pressure on the internal element of the lock, due to which the log is slightly compressed and extended vertically, and the remaining resistance freely dampens the compression. Thanks to this, cracking is avoided.

There is also a complication of the lock, which uses a spike (tail tail). Not every craftsman will decide to create such fasteners, but if done correctly, the quality of the joints will increase significantly.

When working, it is very important to make the joints conscientiously, so as not to create an excess groove (no more than 5% of the total height of the log), and also to use really high-quality materials. Deciduous trees are not suitable for building houses even in cases where there are no others nearby

Such a house, even in a treated state, will last no more than 20 years, after which it will require prompt dismantling. It is advisable to choose coniferous trees based on strength, but if there is no experience in this, then by weight (the higher the weight of dry wood, the denser it is).

General information about the technology

This method of forming a house is also called “bowl” cutting. Based on the general characteristics of construction, the technology can be classified as a variety of traditional Russian logging. Moreover, its roots come from Russia, but it has not taken root here, but Canadian craftsmen have improved it and have been using it for decades. Also, modern builders from Russia have taken a different look at the advantages of cutting logs using Canadian technology, and are increasingly using this technique in their work. Among the features of this cutting method, one can note the complexity of the design. If classic log houses are mainly formed using the technique of simple laying of elements, then the installation configuration according to the Canadian method is highly accurate and thoughtful. Of course, it is painstaking installation that ultimately makes it possible to obtain highly durable houses that are not subject to biological destruction processes.

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Log houses from Stroygrupp company

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Construction will help you make your dreams come true; we will design and install a house made of rounded logs on a turnkey basis in Rostov-on-Don and the south of Russia. We offer the construction of wooden houses from logs in the cities of: Rostov, Taganrog, Novocherkassk, Azov, Shakhty, Volgodonsk, Salsk, Krasnodar, Tikhoretsk, Timashevsk, Sochi, Novorossiysk, Anapa, Tuapse, Gelendzhik, Yeisk, Maykop, Armavir, Volgograd, Elista, Astrakhan, Stavropol, Nevinnomyssk, Mineralnye Vody, Kislovodsk, Pyatigorsk, Zheleznovodsk, Cherkessk, Nalchik, Vladikavkaz, Grozny, Makhachkala.

Our architects design wooden houses in various styles. If you like the Canadian Wild Log style, we will build a house with natural shaped log elements!