2021 ᐈ

Houses of the P-46 series were built over 27 years, starting in 1971. The layout was developed by Czech builders. Closer to 1998, houses of this type were rarely built in Moscow and the region; they were often used in residential areas, since they were replaced by the P-3 and P-44 series.

A characteristic feature of panel construction is the variety of house type. They can have different number of storeys, and the P-46 series differs from others in its facade, their color is always different. Brown cladding is more common, but you can see buildings in white and blue shades.

Layout P-46 has a residential ground floor, as indicated by the even number in the marking. Since the beginning of the 90s, such buildings have been modernized and were replaced by the P-46M house model.

Layout features

A characteristic feature of panel construction is the variety of house type. They can have different number of storeys, and the P-46 series differs from others in its facade, their color is always different. Brown cladding is more common, but you can see buildings in white and blue shades.

Houses in this series have been actively built since the 70s of the last century. They are usually recognized by their colored façade: brown, blue or white. Most often, such buildings decorate residential areas.

The external walls are made of expanded clay concrete, and the internal walls are made of reinforced concrete or gypsum concrete. Almost all walls in the apartment are load-bearing.

Houses have at least two entrances, and the number of floors may vary, but the most common option is 12 or 14. Each entrance is equipped with two passenger elevators and a garbage chute. There are two or four apartments per floor.

The rooms are separate, the bathroom too. It is worth noting that the rooms are not just isolated, but also separated by corridors. There is a spacious loggia. There is a ventilation duct in both the kitchen and the bathroom.

The main “disadvantage” is that it cannot be moved or shifted completely. Another drawback is poor heat and sound insulation.

The total footage of the apartments exceeds generally accepted standards, which means that there is enough space in such an apartment for everyone, and this is an indisputable plus of two-room apartments P46. These houses were built from two types of sections: linear with two-room “vest” and one-room apartments, and corner with three-room “vest”.

Developments of the late Brezhnev period

The P-46 series began construction in 1971 and was built until 1998. Subsequently, development activity decreased, but spot installations of houses of this series are still being carried out in the Moscow region.

In the capital you can see samples of P-46 in Teply Stan, Yuzhny Butovo, Lyublino, Bibirevo, Kotlovka, Altufyevo, Tushino, on Dmitrov and in Orekhovo-Borisovo, in Golyanovo, Chertanovo, Maryina Roshcha, Khoroshevo - Mnevniki, Moskvorechye - Saburovo, Pokrovskoye — Streshnevo, Nagatino, Kapotnya and Teply Stan.

In the region, such houses were built in Shcherbinka, Odintsovo, Elektrougly, Reutov, Zheleznodorozhny, Podolsk, Khimki and Lobnya.

Like all series, apartments in these houses have positive and negative properties. Let's talk about them from the point of view of our masters.

Features of the house and types of layouts

The P-46 series house can be a private house, which will have 2 two-room and one-room layouts, as well as rotary or corner buildings, which include 2 three-room apartments per floor. The premises are isolated, the bathroom is separate, there is a large balcony in any layout of the P-46 series.

The kitchen and bathroom are equipped with ventilation, and in the kitchen the unit cannot be moved or removed completely.

The features of the house are:

Each section has 2 entrances.
Number of floors – 12 and 14 are more common, but there are other options.
The ceiling height for panel houses P-46 is 2.64 m.
There are two elevators on each floor. There is no freight elevator, but there are passenger elevators with a lifting capacity of 400 kg.
Each apartment has balconies or loggias.
There are 2 or 4 apartments per floor.
Separate bathrooms, standard bathtubs 1.7 m long.
There is a garbage chute on each floor.
The external walls are made of expanded clay concrete panels in 3 layers, 32 cm thick. The inter-apartment floors are reinforced concrete, 140 mm and 180 mm thick, without insulation. The partitions are made of gypsum concrete 80 mm thick.
All walls are external and inter-apartment load-bearing, and they can also be between living spaces.

Such houses have not yet been demolished and such a procedure is not planned in the near future. The standard type layout provides only one- and two-room apartments, and if the section is corner, then there are three-room apartments. The landing is standard, there is no balcony, and there are no technical rooms.

Among the advantages are the presence of loggias or balconies, which are located in layouts with any number of rooms.

Redevelopment and design

The main problem of these houses is not in the architectural design, but in its execution. Often, after clearing the walls of wallpaper, we discovered through gaps leading to the street. Of course, there are no problems in sealing them, but due to the use of additional materials, the cost of repairs increased.

Moving interior partitions has to be done infrequently. Well-calculated room sizes in most cases satisfy the owners. But we had to combine a bathroom, enlarge the corridor, and even combine the kitchen with the living room. Coordination of such changes does not cause problems with supervisory authorities.

But the main burden falls on the designer.

Despite the standard ceiling height (2.64 m), additional effort is required to create voluminous free space. Wide ceiling and floor cornices, avoidance of traditional curtains whenever possible, zoning of rooms using lighting devices are a small part of the techniques that our designer can offer.

The most typical redevelopment usually consists of increasing the hallway by reducing the area of the bathroom and combining the kitchen with the living room into the dining room.

Main characteristics of the layout

Houses of the P-46 series are one of the latest representatives of the Brezhnevok series; there is also a modern modification of the P-46M. An even number in the marking indicates that the P-46 series has a residential 1st floor. P-47 is the same series, but with a non-residential ground floor and without rotating block sections with 3-room apartments.

Series: P-46
House type: panel
Manufacturer: MPSM (part of the Glavstroy corporation)
Years of construction: 1971-1998
Number of floors: 12-14, the most common options are 12, 14
Number of rooms in apartments: 1, 2, 3
Height of living quarters: 2.64 m
Number of apartments per floor: 2, 4
Number of sections (entrances): 2 or more
Type of sections (entrances): row (row) with 1-, 2-room apartments and rotating block sections with 3-room apartments
Elevators: two passenger lifts with a lifting capacity of 400 kg
Stairs: ordinary, without common balcony
Ventilation: natural exhaust through ventilation blocks in the bathroom and toilet
Waste disposal: with loading valves on each floor
Technical rooms: technical underground and attic for placing utilities
Loggias: yes
Balconies: yes
Bathtubs: standard, 170 cm long
Bathrooms: separate
External walls: expanded clay concrete panels 340 mm thick
Internal walls: reinforced concrete 140 and 180 mm thick
Partitions: 80 mm
Floors: reinforced concrete 140 mm thick

The apartments located in the houses of the P-46 series have a loggia or balcony, and there are two elevators in the entrances, which is a clear advantage of this series. In Zelenograd, 14-story buildings of this series are most common.

Layout

General layout of apartments on the floor:

SECTION 1

SECTION 2

One-room apartment in P-46

Two-room apartment in P-46

Three-room apartment in P-46

Design features of the series and facade finishing

The number of floors of P-46 houses varies from 12 to 14. The first floor in P-46 is usually residential, but there are modified projects where it is provided for infrastructure facilities.

The designers used 32 cm thick expanded clay concrete with a layer of insulation as the material for the external panels. The internal load-bearing walls are made of reinforced concrete panels (18 cm), the non-load-bearing walls of the building are made of the same material, but they are thinner (14 cm); material for partitions – gypsum concrete (8 cm). Interfloor ceilings are hollow-core large-sized reinforced concrete slabs (14 cm).

The walls of the load-bearing type are all external three-layer and inter-apartment single-layer panels, as well as some internal ones.

The roof of the P-46 high-rise buildings is flat; in some buildings there are protective canopies above the balconies of the top floors. Above the top floor there is a technical floor where engineering communications are located. The technical underground room is used for the same purposes.

A positive point is the presence of two elevators in each section, however, both of them are passenger elevators, which can cause certain difficulties with lifting goods.

Among other “panels”, the P-46 project is externally distinguished by the asymmetrical arrangement of loggias and balconies. The colors of the facades are predominantly beige, brown, blue or white.

Features of apartment layouts

Typical sections of the P-46 can be ordinary, in which two “kopeck-rooms” and “one-room apartments” are placed, or rotary (corner) in which two “three-room apartments” are placed. All rooms in P-46 are isolated, baths and toilets are located in separate rooms, there are spacious loggias in each apartment. Ventilation units have openings in the bathroom and kitchen.

Please note that the design of the ventilation duct in the kitchen is such that it cannot be dismantled or moved.

Alternative name: P-46
Construction regions:

Moscow: Golyanovo, Krasnoselsky, South Butovo, Bibirevo, Kotlovka, North and South Tushino, Mozhaisky, Chertanovo North and South, Maryina Roshcha, Pokrovskoye-Streshnevo, Nagatino-Sadovniki, Kapotnya, Dmitrovsky, Orekhovo-Borisovo, Altufevsky, Lyublino, Teply Stan , Moskvorechye-Saburovo, Khoroshevo-Mnevniki, Zamoskvorechye.
Moscow region: Podolsk, Lobnya, Khimki, Reutov, Zheleznodorozhny, Elektrougli, Odintsovo.
Other cities: Tolyatti.

Construction technology: panel
By construction period: late Brezhnevka
Years of construction: from 1971 to 1998
Prospect for demolition: Demolition is not envisaged
Number of sections/entrances: 2 or more
Number of floors: 12-14
Ceiling height: 2.64 m

Balconies/loggias: In all apartments
Bathrooms: Separate in all apartments, baths - 1.7 m.
Stairs: Regular, without common balcony
Garbage chute: Garbage chute with loading valve on each floor
Elevators: Two passenger (400 kg)
Number of apartments per floor: 2, 4
Apartment areas:

Shared/living/kitchen 1-room apartment 38-40/20-21/8-9 2-room apartment 50-52/30-32/8-9 3-room apartment 80-82/48-51/8-9

Ventilation: Natural exhaust in the kitchen and bathroom
Walls and cladding:

External walls - expanded clay concrete three-layer panels (32 cm) Internal walls - reinforced concrete panels (14 and 18 cm); interior partitions made of gypsum concrete (8 cm) Interfloor ceilings - large-sized hollow-core reinforced concrete slabs 14 cm thick Load-bearing walls - all inter-apartment, all external and some interior Facades are faced only in the earliest buildings. The cladding used tiles of beige, brown, white and blue colors

Roof type: Flat

Manufacturer: MPSM (part of the Glavstroy corporation)
Designers: MNIITEP (Moscow Research Institute of Typology and Experimental Design)
Advantages: Loggia or balcony in each apartment, two elevators in each section
Disadvantages: Poor quality installation of external walls in individual houses, ventilation duct in the kitchen cannot be changed or dismantled

Pros and cons of the P-46 series

All towers have separate bathrooms with a 170 cm bathtub. By combining the washbasin and toilet, a spacious sanitary room is obtained.

One-room apartments have an area of 38–40 sq. m. m., two-room apartments are 50–52, and three-room apartments are 80–82. There are no walk-through rooms in P-46. This allows you to avoid wasting energy on redevelopment.

Each apartment has a loggia, insulated, which can be used as a small additional room for a winter garden, storage room or recreation area.

Quite thick external (32 cm) and inter-apartment (14–18 cm) reinforced concrete walls. This allows you to avoid wasting effort and money on installing additional sound insulation.

But there are also disadvantages.

The flooring requires replacement in all houses in this series. Moreover, due to the presence of cracks in the joints of the slabs, our teams prefer to build a dry screed.

There is a ventilation duct in the kitchen that cannot be dismantled or structurally changed. In this case, we offer several solutions that can mask this drawback.

Plumbing and electrical systems require replacement in most cases.

Complete turnkey apartment renovation

Everything is included The cost of repairs includes everything: work, materials, documents.
Without your participation After agreeing on the project, we only bother the owners when the repairs are completed.
The price is known in advance. The cost of repairs is fixed in the contract.
Fixed repair period Turnkey apartment renovation in 3.5 months. The term is fixed in the contract.

Redevelopment for family reasons

“Dvushka” P 46 is an ideal option for a married couple without children. In one room, a full-fledged bedroom is created with a suite and pleasant little things, and in another, larger room, a living room is organized for receiving guests.

Experts highlight a couple more options for the functionality of rooms:

The smaller room remains the bedroom, and the living room is combined with an office. This option is especially suitable for those who work from home.
The bedroom is combined with a living room, and in the large room there is a greenhouse or a gym - at the discretion of the owners.

Married couple without children

Redevelopment for married couples without children may include the following changes:

To increase space, the kitchen is combined with the living room. This can be done using an arch or a bar counter.

The living room can be enlarged due to the loggia.

A simple and effective option to change the appearance of your apartment is to use sliding doors.

You can create a modern and comfortable bathroom by combining a bath and toilet, as well as by adding part of the corridor area.
The spacious combined bathroom will accommodate not only a bathtub (by the way, the space will allow you to install even a corner bathtub), but also a washing machine and a couple of bedside tables for household chemicals and towels. If desired, instead of a bathtub, you can install a shower cabin, then it will be even more spacious.
A great opportunity to increase the functionality of an apartment is the use of transformable furniture. For example, wardrobes, folding sofas and beds, folding tables. Believe me, there are never too many square meters, which means that if there is an opportunity to “save”, you need to take advantage of it.
To make the apartment seem more spacious, position the mirrors correctly and use light colors in the decoration.
A podium and floor finishing in different colors is another way of zoning space and creating the most functional housing.

Family with a child

If a family with a child lives in a two-room apartment of the P 46 series, then you will have to think about how to accommodate everyone. And not only for overnight stay, but also for leisure, homework or work.

So, one of the options for creating additional space is to limit yourself to zoning the living area. The ideal tool for this purpose would be a screen or rack. Using this simple technique, you can also create a study space, a relaxation area and even a small sports corner from just a children’s bedroom. To avoid cluttering the area with cabinets and shelves, equip a niche.

Since in this situation the second room will become a bedroom for the parents, the living room and kitchen will appear in one person. By combining the kitchen with a balcony or loggia, you will get additional space on which you can place not only a dining set, but also a sofa for guests.

Family and teenage child

Another option is a family with a teenage child. It's no secret that the older the child, the more square meters he needs for a full-fledged existence. In this situation, parents will have to take a smaller room and give up the “roomy” living room to their grown child.

It is here that now there will be a sleeping place, a place to study, as well as a space for hobbies.

The kitchen, as in the previous version, will become a kitchen-living room, with a guest sleeping area. It is not recommended to combine a bathroom and a toilet.

Redevelopment of a one-room apartment

To redevelop a one-room apartment P46, you can use one of the following options:

Make the bathroom combined and add part of the hallway to it. In this case, the entrance to the kitchen will have to be moved to the living room.
Also combine the bathroom, leave the kitchen unchanged, and allocate part of the space in the room for a dressing room.
Finally, the last option: combine the bathroom, and move the wall of the living room into the corridor, increasing the living space.

Redevelopment options

Comfortable conditions and the presence of a significant number of load-bearing walls almost completely eliminate the need and possibility of redevelopment. But if the owner wishes, the bathrooms can be combined, adding waterproofing to the zones. You will get additional space for a washing machine or laundry basket.

For one-room apartments, a simple solution is to insulate the loggias. The layout involves a minimum number of solutions for the reconstruction of small premises.

Interior non-load-bearing partitions of 2, 3 and 4-room apartments can actually be demolished to create an expanded living room. Studio kitchens are designed with the participation of professional builders who are able to calculate the load on the walls and eliminate the possibility of leaks from the “wet” area.

Some supporting structures, for example those adjacent to the hallway, can be moved to increase living space, but special permission from the developer will be required.

For those who love animals

An important point: if you consider yourself an animal lover, then you need to create a project for a future redevelopment or interior design taking into account their presence.

It is important to plan a place for sleeping, playing, placing special furniture or additional devices for their comfortable stay.

In particular, if a dog will live in the apartment, then it would be wise to install a special shoe cabinet to avoid unpleasant surprises, so that your shoes and the shoes of your guests remain safe and sound. And it is better that the legs of cabinets or bedside tables in the hallway are chrome-plated or covered with thick fabric.

If a cat will share square meters with you, then at a minimum, you need to decide where to put the scratching post, play set and sleeping place.

For birds and rodents, a cage will be required, which will need to be in a sufficiently lit place, “both away from people and away from people.”

These problems only at first glance seem undeserving of serious attention, but when a four-legged friend appears in a new home, it becomes obvious that many troubles could have been avoided.

Kitchen in a house of the P-46 series (8.6 sq.m.)

The kitchen was installed in mid-February and by May it was more or less finished.

Dinner Zone.

I really wanted a soft banquette with niches for baskets and no armrests as a seat, but nothing in size was found, so this garden bench made of pine appeared. We cut out the mattress ourselves from foam rubber, wrapped it in synthetic padding, and the removable cover was sewn by a wonderful girl from the Crafts Fair. Under the bench there are 4 Ikea baskets in which packages, food supplies, and rarely used items are stored.

A table with a laminated tabletop 110x70, expands to 110x140, adjustable in height, but in practice this option has not yet been useful. Porcelain tiles are laid on the floor.

The kitchen is from Stylish kitchens, the facades are plastic (the top color is some kind of pine, the bottom is gray oak), the countertop and apron are chipboard in a crazy color “white concrete”. We went to order a kitchen on January 8, pretty tired of the holidays and the varied cleaning of the just completed renovation. That's why concrete happened :)) Until mid-February, I was sometimes horrified and wanted to call the designer to change it to a more traditional color. But now I’m very happy with the concrete; bright kitchen utensils, which I have a weakness for, look great on it.

According to the plan, the upper cabinets were supposed to be as close to the ceiling as possible, but a few centimeters were added to the gap for the air duct to allow for tolerances, and as a result, part of the duct is visible.

Sink from Ikea with built-in detergent dispenser. We expected that the wing could be placed on the right, but it turned out that cutting was only possible within the corner cabinet. As a result, there were rather stupid islands around the edges of the sink.

I don’t like railings and the like, so for now only the bare minimum lives on the countertop - knives and a tray with teapots and a French press.

The LED lighting is made independently, consists of two profiles, the power supply is located on the upper cabinets behind the air duct.

The contents of the cabinets are all very banal, but I really like to see how everything works inside, so I’m sharing. On the top left above the tea tray there is everything for drinks, honey, sweets. Ikea Varrier containers fit perfectly into the cabinet above the hood, storing: 1) supplies of spices in bags, 2) medicines, 3) vinegars, soda, 4) baking seasonings, a sieve.

Above the main working area of the tabletop there are stocks of cereals, the main cereals (they stand diagonally because they do not fit into two rows in depth:()), the main set of spices and flour.

In the corner section, the variera shelf dividers came in very handy. They perfectly fit the service, wine glasses, bowls, bowls, baking dishes, containers for work, bowls.

A blender in the same brew and a citrus juicer fit perfectly on the third drying floor.

Bottom row from the refrigerator. In the top drawer there is a multicooker, a microwave lid, bread/cookies (usually there are few of them). In the bottom there are small supplies of vegetables and fruits, vegetable oil, soy sauce and baking dishes.

Bottom row to the right of the stove. A toad suffocated us on the branded spoon holder, so in the top drawers (on the right side of the photo) there are plastic Ikea trays that are slightly out of size. 5 cutting boards were arranged irrationally and freely) In the bottom drawer in an Ikea accordion there are frying pans and lids, closer to the wall there are 3 pans.

The cabinet on the box turned out to be comfortable and crooked, because when leveling the walls, the clever builders perfectly aligned it vertically and hammered it horizontally. Thanks to the assemblers who carefully followed the curves when cutting the cabinet and countertop.

Another element from the Ikea Varrier series was screwed onto the door under the sink. It had to be cut down in height and one of its components had to be sacrificed.

Boxes from the Skubb series and a seemingly new container from the Method series fit well into the cabinet on the box. They hid kitchen towels, a tablecloth, a mixer, gauze, ropes, and part of a bar :).

Favorite dining area again...

...and the window next door. A pleated curtain made of Ob was hung on the large sash, mainly to protect future flowers from the sun. It is not yet clear whether it is worth closing the narrow sash and with what. For overall completeness and easy masking of the wires from the laptop, tulle was hung.

General design recommendations

Regardless of the presence of redevelopment, the number of people and pets living, and even the number of rooms (one or two), there are simple ways to make your home more comfortable and beautiful.

First of all, do not neglect light colors in the decoration. Thanks to them, a feeling of freshness and cleanliness is created. And modest dimensions seem more impressive. This especially applies to ceiling decoration. If you make it white, there will be no feeling of overhang and pressure.

If the interior includes mirrors, place them wisely, and not as necessary.

In each individual room, try to stick to a certain style. If possible, choose furniture and curtains made from natural materials. On the one hand, this will require financial investments, but on the other, it will definitely pay for itself.

Choosing a style

To be fair, it is worth noting that the P 46 kopeck piece is easy to implement any stylistic decisions. Those who want to keep up with the times are increasingly choosing Scandinavian style or high-tech.

Minimalism is also in demand: laconicism in everything and a minimum of decor.

By decorating an apartment in a loft style, you will create the illusion of unfinished decoration of your own apartment. This direction can be recognized by brickwork, concrete fragments and surface communications.

And conservatives will like classicism or Provence. By the way, as already noted, do not try to decorate the entire apartment in the same style. This is especially problematic when two different generations live in a two-room apartment. Let each family member make his own choice.

Redevelopment

The typical layout of the P-46 series is subject to change. There are several standard options that will help increase the usable area. Since there are many load-bearing walls in a panel house, approval for redevelopment in the P-46 series house is required.

For a one-room layout, you can choose one of three modification options:

The bathroom is connected through part of the corridor. The passage to the kitchen is closed and moved to the living room; if desired, you can make a kitchen studio, which is important for one-room housing.
In the second option, you need to connect the bathroom and kitchen, which cannot be changed, and in the living room a partition is made for a dressing room or other technical room.
In the third option, the toilet is simply connected to the bathroom and the wall of the living room is moved to the middle of the corridor, thereby increasing the living space.

Without affecting the load-bearing structures, one-room housing with a standard P-46 layout is being changed. The kopeck piece in the P-46 series undergoes only some changes. Among them, you can remove the window sill and combine the balcony with the living space. To increase the area, combine a bathroom. It will not be possible to take away a useful place from the corridor.

Considering the layout of the three-room apartment, you can combine a bathroom, remove the plaster concrete partitions in the largest room, making a large opening, and make an exit to a small room in the other wall.

At the same time, the entrance to the small room is closed, and part of the corridor will be used to enlarge the bathroom. The entrance to the kitchen is moved to another wall.

Apartment layouts of the P-46M series

All apartments in the P-46M series have loggias and separate bathrooms. In the rotating sections, the apartments have enlarged trapezoidal loggias. Four-room apartments have an additional bathroom.

Layout of P-46M with dimensions

The buildings in the series have several options for stairwells, differing in shape and the presence of a fire balcony.