Ceiling spots: how to properly design a ceiling with spots without a chandelier, and what types they come in - built-in LED, stylish spot, rotary and corner

Our topic today is LED light bulbs for suspended ceilings. We will find out how economical they are compared to halogen and incandescent lamps, which are more familiar to Russian buyers, how LED lighting is calculated and how the lamps are installed.

LED lighting in a bathroom with a suspended ceiling

Installation Tips

Although recessed lighting fixtures are easy to install, you still need to follow some recommendations when installing them:

1. In one room it is necessary to use the same type of ceiling spots, and even better if they are manufactured at the same factory. Even at the stage of purchasing such devices, it is imperative to check the completeness of their configuration, or rather the presence of cooling and reflective elements.
2. If the room has suspended ceilings, then the power of the LED lamps used should not exceed 40 W. And if you need to install devices with a power of 12 W, then you will have to purchase a step-down transformer in the kit.
3. With a ceiling height of 2.5 m, recessed lamps are installed at least 60 cm from the wall or partition, and the gap between the devices themselves should not be less than one meter.
4. The type of electrical cable is selected depending on the number and total power of the spots, the length of the wiring, as well as the material from which the ceiling is made. For example, a simple wire is suitable for drywall, and only fireproof wire for a base made of plastic or MDF panels.

With proper installation, a recessed LED lamp can last over ten years.

Ceiling lighting fixtures have become popular not only due to their efficiency, because LEDs consume much less electricity than incandescent lamps, but also due to their design and the ability to create a unique lighting effect in the room. Also, built-in spots are ideal for installation in suspended or suspended ceilings, which are now installed in almost every home.

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2016-06-11 15:46:112019-03-06 19:06:51Recessed ceiling LED spots

How to connect an LED strip to a 220 Repair of a chandelier with a remote control for your…

Examples of ceiling structures

Main three varieties.

Single-level

A unique combination of the simplicity of a single-level design with the beauty of a variety of lighting fixtures creates a laconic and very harmonious design.

Two-level

LED strip or lamps especially effectively emphasize the multifunctional two-tier design.

Multi-level

A three-level ceiling allows you to implement the most extraordinary design solutions and create truly impressive and individual projects in the room.

More about spot lighting

Depending on the design idea, lighting on the ceiling will allow you to distribute light sources throughout the room as much as possible, highlight important areas, and hide individual parts in the room

It is important to understand that using traditional light sources you will not be able to get point light. They use special lamps for the ceiling - they are low-power, otherwise they are called spots

A system based on spotlights can be installed either in suspended or suspended ceilings. This can be a structure in the form of a multi-level ceiling made of plasterboard, MDF, or aluminum panels. These lamps look great in a plastic ceiling.

Key Features

The main feature of any spotlights is the small angle of light dispersion. So, the angle is 30 degrees. Only a small part of the room is illuminated. Considering this fact, the arrangement of lamps should be very dense. Another feature is that the light flux has a conical shape.

Advantages and disadvantages

This type of lighting has both pros and cons, but first let’s highlight the main advantages:

Spot light makes it possible to only partially illuminate a particular room. Many people only need lighting for a few objects. Unnecessary areas should not be illuminated.

Lamps can be placed in any part of the room and thereby obtain the most illuminated room. Often powerful chandeliers are not the best way to illuminate remote corners and places.

Another important advantage is the complete absence of shadows. At any point in the room, flow is created directly overhead, which significantly reduces shadows

At the same time, light is also supplied from other parts of the room.

Cost-effectiveness can also be highlighted. One ceiling light uses less electricity to operate than large chandeliers that illuminate the entire room.

A spotlight scatters light streams at small angles, making it possible to illuminate objects from below. This is very beneficial in terms of design. The quality of light is much higher - it is brighter.

Compared to a traditional chandelier, the service life of spotlights is longer, which allows you to save money on their purchase.

Often, to organize such a solution, it is necessary to supply a current with a voltage of 12 V. This increases safety several times and also saves resources.

With the help of these lamps you can get a multi-colored glow - this allows you to play and try new things. This enhances the beauty of the interior.

These systems are much cheaper in terms of the cost of lighting fixtures. You can’t buy a large and powerful chandelier for this money.

Spot lighting is beautiful, safe and economical

Now about the disadvantages, of course, this is far from ideal despite all the advantages:

There are certain difficulties in the process of designing and organizing lighting. The system consists of a large number of devices, so creating a project will require larger investments than developing general lighting systems.

Some types of lighting fixtures may require a special ceiling design, such as a suspended ceiling, which is not suitable for small rooms with a low ceiling level.

If you plan to install 12 V lamps, then they will need transformers or separate power supplies.

If you have a low ceiling, then it is better to avoid this type of lighting.

Summing up

Properly designed lighting is not only effective, but in some cases an effective design tool. The variety of light sources allows talented owners of apartments and houses to create real works of art or entire pictures of light and shadows.

Unique ceiling lighting

You just need to understand a little about the correct dispersion of the light flux and choose the most suitable lamps for a certain type of room. And then you can not only enjoy high-quality light, but also visually change the size of your home, which is very important when creating a unique design.

Criterias of choice

The modern lighting market is replete with a variety of spotlight models from different manufacturers. This allows people with different tastes and financial situations to purchase spots. However, it is difficult for an inexperienced buyer to decide which model is best to choose.

Recessed spotlights are a rotating structure, the body of which is located under the stretch ceiling. The base of this type is replaced by the fittings that come with the lamp.

Hanging spots vaguely resemble a chandelier. A significant difference between this model is that it is equipped with adjustment of the direction of the light rays. This type of spotlight is attached directly to the base of the ceiling.

Overhead spot models have larger dimensions than built-in models. Their convenience lies in the fact that they are mounted on the surface of the ceiling, which allows you to install lighting fixtures after installing the tension structure.

Another important criterion for choosing spots is the material used for their manufacture. Typically, metal or thermoplastic is used to produce spotlights. In this case, the choice should be made based on how often the light sources will be used. If spots are planned as additional lighting fixtures, then you can choose models made of heat-resistant plastic. In this case, preference should be given to light bulbs with a power not exceeding 35 W. For basic lighting, it is better to install metal structures that are less susceptible to heating and do not transmit light to the outer part of the ceiling covering.

Also, when choosing lamps for the ceiling, you should pay attention to glass. For the work area, it is better to give preference to spots with transparent glass, which provides good light transmission and will not damage vision

For a romantic setting in the bedroom or dim, diffused light in the bathroom, you can choose models with frosted glass. If spots play only a decorative role, as well as when installed in entertainment rooms, specimens with colored glass can be selected.

Before purchasing, you should also decide whether you need single lamps or spots with several sockets in one base. Double or triple models allow you to better illuminate the room, without having to waste time on wiring, as is the case with single spots.

When choosing a model of spotlights, you need to pay attention to the protective properties. Moisture resistance and other features of spots are especially important when installed in a bathroom or other rooms with high humidity or dust.

Before going to a lamp store, it is advisable to study customer reviews about certain models and manufacturers. Thus, popular manufacturers Cree or Ecola offer an assortment at prices above average, but their quality is beyond doubt. It is better to pay a large amount and enjoy the selected product for a long time than to save on a purchase and regret it because the device will soon break down.

Small text

In order not to turn our article into something like an advertisement, we will mention several disadvantages of LED lighting:

1. It is still more expensive than alternative solutions, although prices are falling year after year. At the end of 2021, a LED lamp with a luminosity of 600-800 lm costs 2-3 times more expensive than a halogen lamp with the same luminosity;
2. To reduce costs, manufacturers have taken the path of simplifying the driver circuitry. For many filament lamps it is a regular diode bridge. As a consequence, such lamps become very sensitive to a decrease in supply voltage;

Opening a lamp on LED filaments

It’s interesting: the author personally observed the shutdown of all lamps on LED filaments in his house when the mains voltage dropped to 190 volts. LED lamps, produced a couple of years earlier, and having a full-fledged switching power supply, continued to work.

1. LEDs are inferior to halogen lighting in color accuracy. A decrease in lighting color rendering index causes colors to appear differently than they do in daylight sunlight. Color rendering is important in the work of a tailor, designer, makeup artist, hairdresser, etc.

Colors at different color rendering index values

Mounting methods

1. Classic mounting option. A special plate is screwed to the base of the ceiling using self-tapping screws or dowels, after which all wires and fasteners are hidden with a decorative platform. It serves only an aesthetic role.
2. Built-in models. Ceiling spots of this type are installed only in special structures that have enough space between the ceiling and the base. In this method, all wiring is carried out inside the ceiling structure, and in the places where the lamps will be installed, a hole with a certain diameter is drilled. Its dimensions must fully correspond to the width of the lamp.
3. Placement of spots on one rod. A fairly newfangled and original design technique that is rarely found in interiors. This solution will be the highlight of any room. To do this, attach a rod along the entire wall, and several deflectors are placed on it. It is worth noting that the length of such a device can be quite large.
4. Moving spots. This is the most functional system; it allows you not only to turn the lamps in different directions, but also, if necessary, lower or raise them. The only drawback of this design is the many wires that hang in a chaotic manner.
5. Tension spots. The latest development in this area. It consists of two stretched cables, and lamps are attached to them, which can be moved freely. This method is the most practical and convenient, but its cost is much higher than other models.

Ceiling spots are a universal type of lighting that will harmoniously fit into any interior of the room. They have an excellent and stylish design, compact size and quite comfortable design.

Installation

How to install LED lamps in a suspended ceiling?

They are installed on platforms or racks pre-mounted on the ceiling surface. The power wires are routed into a corrugated pipe and secured to the ceiling with clamps.

Platform for installing the lamp

At the location of the hole for the lamp, a thermal ring is glued to the stretch ceiling film, after which the film inside the ring is cut out with a utility knife.

The film is cut inside the thermal ring glued to it

No. 7. Ceiling lamp and room type

We do not have the right to dictate terms to you and impose our opinion on the lighting of different rooms, but some rules should still be followed:

• in the living room it is better to create multi-level lighting so that in a matter of seconds you can adapt the room to perform a particular function; the presence of dimmable lamps is welcome. You can provide a central pendant or overhead chandelier, it all depends on the height of the room and the chosen style. It can be supplemented with spot lighting along the contour of the room and in individual zones. If you can’t install lamps, spotlights will do. Don’t forget about LED strips, floor lamps and sconces that will make the relaxation area more comfortable;
• The kitchen is equipped with a general diffused light lamp; the work area is separately illuminated using bright directional light. Several pendant lamps can be placed above the dining table, the distance from them to the surface of the table top is at least 60 cm. Preference is given to moisture-resistant and easy-to-care materials. For small kitchens, a good solution would be spots, the light from which can be directed in different directions;
• The hallway is often a compact room, but the light here needs to be bright enough, because the sun's rays do not penetrate here, and you somehow need to see yourself in the mirror before leaving. You can use a ceiling overhead lamp, spotlight or spot;
• in the bedroom, the central lamp should provide dim, soft light. If the room has a wardrobe, then the area around it needs to be additionally illuminated. It is imperative to provide lamps in the bedside area;
• For the bathroom, compact, moisture-resistant lamps with high radiation intensity are selected;
• It is better to equip the office with a common ceiling lamp, which gives a minimum of shadows, and a table lamp. Leave all original lighting design ideas for other rooms - in the office the lighting should be calm, monotonous and tuned to the work process.

Finally, we note that it is better to draw up a lighting diagram at the repair stage in order to install the wiring or create the necessary holes in advance. Proper planning will save you from a lot of problems and troubles.

Device

An LED is a semiconductor device that directly converts electric current into emitted light. The luminosity of an LED depends linearly on the value of the current flowing through it.

LED device (Light-emitting diode)

The current, with a constant circuit resistance, increases following the voltage. By applying an increased voltage relative to the rated voltage to the LED, you can achieve a proportional increase in luminosity.

However, it is impossible to increase the voltage indefinitely: the limiting factor will be the heat release of the semiconductor crystal, the growth of which will lead to its overheating and failure.

Degradation of LEDs due to prolonged overheating

Typical LED supply voltage is 1.5-4 volts. How to get this voltage from a 220 volt network?

This is achieved in two ways:

1. Serial connection of a large group of LEDs . Since they are powered by direct current, the lamp is equipped with a rectifier (diode bridge at the input). This scheme is cheaper to implement, but sharply reduces the fault tolerance of the device: failure of any element of the circuit leads to failure of the entire lamp;

Series connection of LEDs

1. Connecting LEDs into small serial circuits that are connected in parallel to the driver (switching power supply). Low-voltage LED lamps are somewhat more expensive, but the failure of an individual element leads to only a slight decrease in luminosity.

LED lamp with external driver

Practical conclusion: the most reliable LED lamps for suspended ceilings are low-voltage, powered by 12 volts. They can be connected both to a high-voltage network through separate drivers, and to a power supply common to all lamps.

PSU for lamps with a supply voltage of 12 volts

Spot lighting in different rooms

It is important to consider that in different rooms the approach to organizing spot lighting must be different. Further in the article we will look at the features of each room.

Photos are attached as options for the location of lamps.

Hallway

Typically, for hallways, designers recommend using the simplest possible methods for placing lighting equipment. If we talk about the features of suspended ceilings, then in this case it is necessary to use a different approach. In narrow hallways, a row of 3-5 light bulbs will be enough. For a square room, two rows of four light bulbs each are enough.

In cramped spaces, a ceiling with a glossy sheen will look good. In this case, the lamps should be located below - it is worth choosing pendant models. But modern designers advise hiding the lamps so that only the light from them is noticeable.

Kitchen

There should be a lot of light in the kitchen. During the preparation of various dishes, as well as during the process of cleaning the countertop and sink, the lighting should be bright enough. Here you won’t be able to get by with just spot light; you will need additional lamps.

It is best to make several light options - one bright, and the second soft and gentle. This will allow you to get enough light for work, as well as create a pleasant atmosphere when relaxing in the kitchen. The dining area is illuminated by low-hanging lampshades or chandeliers. Look how it looks in the photo.

Living room

Most often this is the largest room in a house or apartment. It should be as light as possible here. The ceilings are always decorated with chandeliers, and low-power light sources are located on all sides of the room. If the chandelier is turned off, the lamps will provide a soft, dim light.

The room looks good when the lighting is installed on only one side of the suspended ceilings. This way you can get both soft light and twilight. You can completely abandon the central chandelier, but you should increase the number of built-in lamps.

Bedroom

Built-in LED lights in suspended ceilings are considered common here. No chandelier needed. The lamps will give the necessary soft glow, which will be quite enough. If the room is small, then appliances covered with moldings and cornices in the ceiling will look great.

Children's

Experts recommend choosing combined lighting for a child’s room. It may be a chandelier, but not heavy or crystal. Also a good choice is spotting around the entire perimeter. It is better to choose halogen lamps - they give a bright, but not blinding light. The child’s working corner is illuminated separately.

If you want to get something special, then you can use numerous design ideas. Using a stretch ceiling, you can create a fairy-tale room for a child and organize wall lighting.

Bathroom

There is no need for a lot of bright lighting in the bathroom. Basically, up to 10 devices that give a soft glow are enough. These lamps will illuminate decorative elements, tiles, and plumbing fixtures. See the photo of the bathroom - they show what can be done from an ordinary interior with the help of light. A bathroom can be cozy, and it's not that hard to do.

Ceiling design

The most interesting ceiling designs.

Window to the sky

A false window is an ideal solution for many interiors. The presence of lighting will enhance the effect of bottomlessness and depth of this design.

Night sky

The starry sky fascinates with its twinkling lights and its magical appeal, reminiscent of the galaxy and outer space. This decor will not leave anyone indifferent.

Transparent ceiling

Suitable for small spaces with limited natural light. It provides a sufficient amount of light and thereby becomes the highlight of the interior, which creates a cozy and pleasant atmosphere.

With beam

Spots, spotlights or diode strips can highlight the decorative beauty of the beam and create an emphasis on functional areas.

Unusual ideas

Various types of lighting in combination with unusual ceiling models are an original stylistic device.

On the one side

Side lighting provides the opportunity to illuminate the part of the room that is used most often.

Sky with clouds

It perfectly transforms the space, brings lightness, airiness and gives a feeling of freedom.

With stucco

Lighting highlights the curves and patterns of a molded ornament or design.

With a pattern and backlight

This combination creates various light illusions in space and undoubtedly becomes a bright and original touch.

Halogen lamps

Halogen models appeared as a result of the modernization of incandescent lamps. They can be low voltage (12-24 V) and high voltage (220 V). In this case, heat-resistant quartz material is used to make a glass flask. To prevent evaporating particles of the tungsten helix from settling on the inner walls of the glass, iodine or bromine vapor is pumped into the flask. This ensures an increase in the service life of halogen lamps. The spiral gains the ability to produce light reminiscent of daylight.

Halogen models are economical, although they consume energy at almost the same level as incandescent lamps. Cost-effectiveness in their case is achieved by increasing the service life to 2000-4000 hours. The use of soft start allows you to increase this figure to 8000-12000 hours. Prices for halogen lamps are quite high

The products must be installed very carefully, as grease stains on the glass from bare hands will reduce the service life of the device.

How to choose?

To make the right choice, safety requirements must be taken into account. If there is insufficient ventilation, spotlights can catch fire and damage the ceiling covering. To avoid this situation, it is recommended to install only high-quality models with LED lamps.

If you decide to give preference to other light elements, you need to pay attention to their power. Halogen lamps 35-50 Watt or incandescent lamps up to 60 Watt are suitable.

It is also important to consider the design, color and material of the lamps, since in addition to the main function, lighting plays a decorative role in the interior. You can diversify the decor of a spacious room and make it more comfortable with unusual overhead spot products.

To decorate a small room, it is advisable to choose small built-in appliances that match the shade of the ceiling. Thus, inconspicuous spot lighting will not affect the surrounding interior in any way.

Hanging

Pendant lamps are devices that are suspended from electrical ropes or cables or mounted to a perforated tray in the ceiling area. Pendant lamps are used in large rooms (halls, living rooms) or in various institutions and offices.

In modern design, hanging models are often used. This is due to the high level of functionality of the devices. They are also quite easy to install.

Pendant lights for large rooms

Lighting devices can be adjusted in height and direct the flow of light in the desired direction. This is their main difference from standard chandeliers for the home.

Brief essence

1. Beautiful lighting is an integral part of a modern interior.
2. When starting to carry out lighting, it is important to take into account many nuances - the area of ​​the room, the type of lamps and their number, the design and purpose of the room.
3. There are many layouts of lamps on a suspended ceiling, depending on the area and purpose of the room.
4. Each room can be emphasized with skillful lighting. In the living room it is better to combine a chandelier and spotlights, in the bedroom you can get by with only spotlights and sconces, in the nursery it is good to combine a chandelier, sconces and spotlights. In short, any room can be decorated in an original way with the help of beautiful lighting.

Sources

• https://mirdizajna.ru/svetilniki-na-natyazhnoi-potolok/
• https://www.tk-lanskoy.ru/stati/osveshchenie-novinki-i-tendentsii/kak-luchshe-raspolozhit-tochechnye-svetilniki-na-natyazhnom-potolke/
• https://svetosmotr.ru/shema-raspolozheniya-tochechnyh-svetilnikov-na-potolke/
• https://dizajn-gostinoj.com/pol-potolok-steny/raspolozhenie-svetilnikov-na-natyazhnom-potolke.html
• https://DomZastroika.ru/interior/pravilnoe-raspolozhenie-svetilnikov-na-natyazhnom-potolke.html
• https://odinelectric.ru/osveshhenie/kak-pravilno-raspolozhit-tochechnye-svetilniki-na-natjazhnom-potolke
• https://potolokjournal.ru/osveshenie/raspolozhenie-svetilnikov-na-natyazhnom-potolke-11-foto.html

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Types of lighting devices

The versatility of spots frees you from the need to apply classification according to the installation location: products of this type can be easily installed on both walls and ceilings. At the same time, there are exclusively ceiling models equipped with decorative pendants. The presence of PVC film material does not create obstacles to the use of lamps: the main thing is to adhere to the recommendations regarding the power of the installed lamps.

This opens up wide scope for the implementation of various design ideas that involve placing lighting fixtures next to the stretch vinyl covering. In this way, very beautiful effects are created on single-level and multi-level structures.

The classification of devices of this type is carried out according to the method of installing spots in a suspended ceiling:

1. Embedded
   . These models are installed directly on the base floor. For their functioning, special holes are made in the PVC film, decorated with decorative lampshades. The body itself and the movable bracket are located inside the ceiling space.
2. Hanging
   . These designs are also called combined. The main surface of the ceiling also protrudes from where the devices are installed. Unlike recessed lamps, pendant lamps are very similar to conventional chandeliers, emitting directional light. A traditional hook is used to attach the main part of the combined spot. The lamp is brought out through a hole in the tension fabric, reinforced with a tread ring. The main part of the fastener is hidden from visual view by a decorative film. Only one or several decorative shades protrude outward.
3. Invoices
   . These spots for stretch ceilings have impressive dimensions. In addition, the entire fastening structure in this case is visible: it is placed indoors under a tension covering. As a basis for fixing overhead devices, special wooden inserts are installed under the canvas.
4. Tensioners
   . We are talking about a combination of a series of lighting fixtures, for the fixation of which ropes stretched across the room are used. As a rule, products of this type are most often used when decorating interiors in the “techno” style. For this reason, tension spots are not very popular among the population.

When determining which spots are best for suspended ceilings, you need to focus on the tasks that are set for lighting devices in each specific case. All of the models mentioned can be used separately, or you can create interesting combinations from them. To do this, a diagram of the placement of lamps on the ceiling covering is drawn up in advance.

Which option to choose depending on the type of ceiling

The type of lighting fixture depends on the materials from which the ceiling is made.

Concrete floor

For such a budget finish, all overhead models are suitable. You will have to abandon the mortise devices, since there is no room for them in the ceiling. The perimeter of the room can be illuminated with an LED strip if you install a plinth with a groove for this device. Concrete ceilings are one of the few materials that are not afraid of incandescent light bulbs.

If you want something unusual, you can make a lamp that imitates a window. To do this, attach a box to the ceiling, the bottom of which is covered with ice tape. The front part is covered with translucent glass or film, possibly with a pattern.

Stretch ceiling

In this case, any type of lamp is suitable, although mortise models are often preferred. But for such devices you will have to additionally install embedded platforms, which are available in several standard sizes. If the purchased lighting fixture is larger in width, length or diameter, the part is made independently, which complicates the process and affects the cost of the work.

Incandescent lamps are not used for suspended ceilings. But the range of lighting elements is still quite wide:

• Halogen . Power limitation is up to 35 W. It is better to choose models with an aluminum reflector, since a mirror one can transmit some of the light. As a result, an areola is formed, through which communications hidden in the interceiling space are visible.
• Energy saving (luminescent). These bulbs heat up less, but contain mercury and therefore require special disposal. For suspended ceilings without a chandelier, devices of any power are suitable. It is also necessary to take into account that these models are economical only when working for a long time. If you turn them on and off frequently, their service life will decrease. Wear accelerates because the electrodes are sprayed faster, and first the luminous flux is lost, and then flashing occurs and the device stops working. The same thing happens with frequent power outages.
• LED . These bulbs heat up the least, so the power for vinyl trim is not limited, provided that the driver does not allow the device to heat above 60°C.

Any LED panels with a reliable heat removal system and overheating protection are also suitable here. Very often this type of finishing is combined with LED strip - they create “floating” and “luminous” ceilings, false windows, lay out various patterns, use them with perforated canvases and photo printing.

Hanging plasterboard

Since when installing gypsum boards, an inter-ceiling space is formed, mortise models are often used. However, here too it is better to avoid incandescent lamps, as they can damage the material.

Unlike suspended ceilings, there is no need for inserts for spotlights. The strength of drywall allows them to be attached directly to the sheathing. The exceptions are heavy overhead models and track systems. They are fixed to the frame or to the concrete floor through a plasterboard finish.

LED strip is in demand here too. With its help, niches, ledges, and transitions between levels are highlighted. Thanks to such accents, the boundaries seem to be erased, all massive elements lose weight, and the space visually expands.

Multi-level structures

The type of luminaire for multi-tiered structures depends on the material used. Most often, several types of electrical appliances are installed. So, for the lower tier, they usually take recessed lamps or thin diode panels; the transition between levels is decorated with LED strip, which not only decorates, but also adds lightness and volume to the structure. An interesting solution when the entire protruding tier is turned into a luminous ceiling.

Functionality

Spots are mainly designed to illuminate a specific area of ​​a room or object. Let's take a closer look at how these lamps can be used:

1. These types are very common for installation in children's rooms. Their mobility allows you to turn the light bulbs exactly in the area in which the child is currently occupied.
2. Ceiling spots built into the kitchen unit will illuminate the work area quite well and become a full-fledged source for the entire room.
3. For the bedroom, you can install a switch with a dimmer and change the light intensity depending on the activity.
4. In living rooms, spots are most often used to place accents, for example, highlighting a certain area or object (fireplace, arch, etc.). Depending on your mood or the need for lighting, you can independently change the angle of inclination.
5. If your living space has a library or collection shelving, then LED ceiling spots will fit perfectly into their lighting, creating an optimal atmosphere.
6. Don’t forget about the office; it is in this room that the location of the spots will be of particular importance.
7. In small rooms, such as a hallway or pantry, due to good brightness, you can get by with installing only one spotlight.

Calculation (simplified diagram)

How to calculate LED room lighting with your own hands?

First, let's look at the regulatory documentation. Illumination standards can be found in SNiP 05/23/2010 and in SanPiN 2.21/2.1.1.1278-03.

For premises for various purposes they are as follows:

Reference: lux is a unit of illumination, corresponding to one lumen of luminosity per square meter of illuminated surface.

Relationship between luminosity and illumination units

It would seem that the instructions for performing the calculation are simple and clear: multiplying the illumination rate by the area of ​​the room should give us the total luminosity of the light sources.

However, in practice, illumination is affected by:

• The distance between the illuminated surface and the light source;

Illumination decreases as you move away from the light source

• The direction of light emission from a lighting device. For example, an LED lamp installed in ceiling sockets with a semicircular diffuser illuminates only the lower hemisphere of the room, while a “corn” lamp or the notorious filament emits light in all directions;

Corn lamp

• Room decoration colors. Light surfaces reflect light, dark ones absorb light, helping to reduce the level of illumination;

The black walls in the photo absorb most of the light falling on them.

• Finishing texture. The reflectivity of a glossy surface is noticeably higher than that of a matte surface.

Glossy finish improves illumination

That is why the so-called illumination coefficient is used in calculations. In a typical living room with a height of 2.5-3 meters with a glossy stretch ceiling, built-in LED lamps and walls with a neutral color scheme, it can be taken as equal to 0.5.

The illumination of the room at floor level is equal to half the result of dividing the total luminosity of the light sources by the floor area.

The floor accounts for half of the light emitted by the lamps

As an example, let's calculate the lighting of a children's room with an area of ​​20 m2. With a standard illumination of 200 lux, the total luminosity of the lamps should be 200x20x2 = 8000 lm. It can be provided by 10 lamps of 800 lm each.

Lighting for decorating a stretch ceiling

Today's market offers a wide range of suspended ceilings. To choose the right lighting device, you need to understand the intricacies of this issue.

Stylistic design

To choose an original model of a lamp, luminaire, or LED strip, let’s take a look at the style options available on the market.

Types of lamps:

• classic. This type of lamps captivates with its elegance; its parts are arranged symmetrically. Ideally, when decorating a room in the classicist style, the suspended ceiling covering is made of wood, but with a suspended ceiling, it is better to opt for a hanging crystal chandelier or one that resembles a plate. The interior design can be done in Provence or Empire styles;
• country. In this situation, comfort is created with the help of wooden or carved lamps designed for suspended ceilings. In this style, lamps are used exclusively from natural materials;
• High-tech is a modern style in which materials are combined in order to recreate an extravagant design solution with the original shape of spotlights and other devices, which adds originality to the interior. The style called hi-tech is characterized by a lot of light, so it combines lamps, LED lighting and spotlights.

Distinctive features of lighting elements with rotating functions

Rotating lamps - simplicity and functionality

Lighting devices are divided depending on the presence of rotary functions. They are of the following types:

• rotary. They are equipped with rotating hinges, and the entire flow of light is directed in the desired direction, as the lamps rotate;
• fixed. A lighting device of this type directs the flow of light into the lower zone strictly perpendicular to the floor.

The photo will help you understand what characterizes each type of lamps and chandeliers intended for decorating a stretch ceiling. Also, during installation, you need to figure out how to direct the flow of light for proper distribution of lighting and even zoning of the room. The room should be comfortable, and what devices should be chosen depends on the design idea. These can be lamps, spotlights, LED strips or other lamps.

This type of lighting is economical and attractive

Differences in dimensional parameters and modifications of lamps

Devices for installing lighting for a room or other premises, according to dimensional parameters and modifications, can be:

• standard type. This option is the simplest. These are small models that do not protrude beyond the edge of the main canvas. This type of lamps is made in the form of an oval, circle, square, rectangle and triangle. In some situations, standard type chandeliers can be created in the shape of a heart or a star;
• elongated. Such chandeliers are made in the shape of a glass or candle. They usually have a rotating mechanism, which makes it possible to install the lamp in a variety of positions. For example, parallel to the ceiling, straight down or diagonally to the floor;
• volumetric. This type of chandelier is designed to decorate a small ceiling, and volume is added using various decorative elements, chains, and curls;
• spherical. These are lamps that have the shape of a hemisphere. Transparent or frosted glass is used for their manufacture. In most cases, specialized spraying of exclusive beads or sparkles with crumbs is done in order to make it more decorative. These lamps are shown in the photo;
• non-standard. These chandeliers and lamps are distinguished by their asymmetrical shape, different textures and original color designs.

What type of device is best to choose is up to the owner of the room, as it depends on the interior design of the room.

Color palette when decorating a room

Blue backlight is a good night light option

There is no doubt that every person in his home wants to focus on a beautiful ceiling. To do this, you can choose a chandelier or spotlight that will create the ideal light flux

Tips for choosing the color of lamps and chandeliers for a room:

• Eye fatigue occurs to a lesser extent in yellow light;
• to improve performance, it is better to opt for white lamps or chandeliers;
• red light may increase blood pressure;
• orange light speeds up the heart rate;
• green and blue soothe and reduce blood pressure;
• blue – depressing;
• The purple lighting device looks extraordinary, but later the person experiences irritability in such lighting.

The original model is attractive and graceful

Backlight colors

A certain color or shade shapes the mood of the entire interior.

Neon

Flexible neon has a soft blue or blue glow. This cool shade looks great in both larger and smaller rooms.

Pink

Creates a magical atmosphere and incredibly beautifully envelops individual fragments of the room with magical light.

The photo shows a bedroom and a single-level gray ceiling with pink lighting.

Color (RGB)

Provides several multi-colored options that allow you to customize the ceiling model to suit any mood.

Yellow

It is a rather positive and bright interior solution.

Purple

A non-trivial option that is suitable for those who love non-standard and extravagant design.

White

The simplest, but at the same time very stylish and effective type of lighting, creating a uniform white light flux.

Adjusting the direction of the light

According to the type of design, recessed ceiling lamps are distinguished:

• Fixed mechanisms;
• Rotary structures.

Fixed structures provide for complete fixation of the lampshade to the body, thus creating uniform illumination of the room. But often, in order to increase the functionality of lighting devices, lamp designs are equipped with rotating mechanisms, which, in turn, allow you to change the direction of the light flux.

Any type of recessed luminaires, both spotlights and pendants, can be equipped with a rotating mechanism.

Thanks to the wide product range, you can purchase rotary lamps for both plasterboard structures and suspended ceilings.

In addition, a significant advantage is the presence of small-sized models that allow you to install a lighting source in furniture, which is an ergonomic solution when organizing a work area.

Rotating mechanisms of recessed luminaires increase the service life of the product.

This occurs due to the fact that when the lampshade is rotated, free space is created, which allows the structural elements to be cooled more efficiently.

In addition to adjusting the direction of the light flux, it is possible to change the brightness level of the lighting fixture.

To do this, the lighting elements must be equipped with a dimmer or dimmer, which, by changing the energy flow in the rheostat, affects the voltage level, which leads to an increase or decrease in the brightness of the lamp.

In other words, a dimmer is an improved switch with an additional function of adjusting the degree of illumination.

The dimmer can be mechanically controlled - this is the most common type of dimmer. But besides this, there are electronic, acoustic and remote dimmers.

Forms

As mentioned above, recessed lamps have a great variety of shapes, which can be selected to suit a wide variety of interiors.

Depending on their shape, they can be attached in different rooms and conditions:

• LED lamps in the shape of a semicircle, with large diffusers, cover a large area with light. They are often placed on terraces, platforms and large halls.

Most often, round lamps are used in the interior. This form is standard and most popular.

The oblong shape of the lamp allows you to highlight objects, as the light is narrowly focused. You can find such lamps in galleries. Paintings or various decor begin to play with new colors.

Cylinder-shaped lamps, or cups, are fixed on a rotating stand. Thanks to this, you can change the direction of the light. They are often used to create special designer interiors, when it is necessary to highlight designer furniture in a special way.

The light flux can be directed at almost any angle. In botanical gardens, special flowers can be distinguished in this way.

Sometimes designers use interesting solutions with panels in which LED lamps are installed. With their help you can create lamps of almost all shapes.

Rectangular and square options are good for creating an unusual lighting design. With their help, you can illuminate the ceiling in a non-standard way, creating a diamond of light on it. Guests will certainly notice the unusual design.

You can support it by repeating this form in the interior - on walls, furniture, carpets.

Large options are used, as a rule, in office premises or common areas. They fit beautifully into the pattern of the tiled suspended ceiling, since the sides of the lamp are ideally proportioned to the sides of the tiles on the ceiling.

To create some interesting effects, designers use LED strips.

With their help, it is possible to recreate the starry sky on your ceiling or make an application in the form of one constellation. In addition, it is possible to illuminate individual objects located on the ceiling.

Materials

Modern recessed ceiling lights are made from a wide variety of materials.

As a rule, the main part of the structure is made of special plastic or metal, on top of which a shiny, smooth coating is applied. Regardless of what surface you plan to place the basic lamp on, it will look approximately the same.

The differences are likely to be in the individual characteristics of each model, rather than in the design itself.

Lately, crystal pendants that are attached to the base of the lamp have become very popular. Crystal options are ideal for the living room. But not everyone can afford them. If you still want to decorate a basic simple lamp, but need to save money, then you can buy glass pendants.

They will be just as elegant as crystal ones, but much less expensive.

Much attention should be paid to the main design. The better the quality of the device, the more expensive it is, and the materials used in its manufacture will last longer. Here the buyer must choose between price and quality.

Classification by type of light bulbs

Recessed ceiling lights have lamps in their design, which, in turn, differ in the degree of brightness, heat release and light temperature. There are:

• Incandescent lamps - despite their fairly low cost, incandescent lamps have a number of disadvantages. These include high levels of electricity consumption and heat generation, which over time lead to deformation of ceiling structures and increased monthly payments for light.
• Halogen lamps - this type of lighting elements can often be found in spotlights. The cost of these lamps is average, but the fact that the halogen elements get very hot introduces several restrictions on the use of lamps.

Firstly, the permitted power should not exceed 40 watts to avoid high temperatures, and secondly, it is not recommended to touch the lamps with bare hands, this can lead to defects due to epithelial particles and fat getting on the surface of the quartz glass.

• Fluorescent lamps - this type uses a chemical reaction of mercury and gas in its work, resulting in a luminescent effect. The advantages of such lamps include a high level of luminous efficiency and a long service life.
• Energy-saving lamps - the main features and advantages of these lamps are energy saving and low cost, but due to the design features they are used mainly for outdoor lighting. Overall dimensions, coupled with a high level of heating, do not allow the widespread use of energy-saving elements.
• Light-emitting diode or LED lamps are the crown of energy saving and productivity; their efficiency is ten times higher than that of other types of lamps.

Placement of lamps

Spotlights can be placed in different ways, it all depends on the functionality of the room and the design idea. But most often the following lamp placement options are chosen:

• parallel to each other;

• along the perimeter of the ceiling;

• in the form of an arc;

• circle or square;

• cross;

• in a checkerboard pattern.

How to calculate the number of lamps

To calculate the number of spot lighting devices, it is necessary to measure the ceiling area. So, with a lamp power of 35 W, 1.5 m2 can be illuminated (20 W illuminates 1 m2). With additional lighting, for example, a chandelier, the number of spotlights is reduced.

Illumination standards are presented in Lux per 1m²

It is worth noting that there are types of spotlights equipped with a rotating mechanism or with a lamp inside, this allows you to increase the dispersion angle. Based on this, you can purchase fewer lamps.

On video: how to calculate the number of lamps in a suspended ceiling.

Minimum distance

When choosing spotlights, the following must be considered:

• a distance of at least 20 cm must be maintained from the walls to the lamps;
• between the devices themselves must be left at least 30 cm;
• the distance from the seam of the PVC film should also be more than 20 cm;
• one lamp will illuminate an area of ​​1.5 m2.

These requirements must be met so that overheating does not occur and, accordingly, the integrity of the material is not compromised (in the case of a stretch ceiling - PVC film).