One of the new trends in modern architecture of both high-rise and low-rise buildings is exploitable roofs. There are all kinds of projects for using the upper part of buildings that appear these days - these are outdoor or indoor swimming pools, courts, natural or artificial lawns, summer verandas. Today we will talk about what a roof terrace is, its features and manufacturing technology.
Peculiarities
From an architectural point of view, bathhouses with gazebos under common roofs are a combination of projects that are completely different from each other. They differ not only in the principles of construction, but also in purpose.
Considering that the gazebo is a lightweight structure, the load-bearing functions of the structure are performed by vertical posts. Often, the shape of hexagons or rectangles is chosen for construction (design). In this case, any dimensions can be set, and the walls are either covered with decorative grilles or left open.
Therefore, before drawing up a design for a gazebo and bathhouse, you should carefully consider the load distribution and connection units.
A person who needs a bathhouse with a gazebo under one roof must select projects carefully. Moist and warm air enters the gazebo from the bathhouse, therefore, it is necessary to take care of good ventilation. Additional attention should be paid to waterproofing, and this should be especially taken care of if the project is designed to be built from wood.
Detailed instructions
On average, the construction of the simplest roof terrace takes several weeks. If green spaces and an open-air kitchen for cooking are planned in a semi-closed room, then 2–3 months. To speed up the process, you will need the following equipment: a folding tape measure, a construction angle, a screwdriver, a rubber hammer, a trowel and a jigsaw.
To waterproof heavy structures you will need bitumen mastic. Due to its high viscosity, this material “seals” the pores of concrete, which is especially useful for open terraces. In this case, their service life increases by 1.5 times.
When vapor barriering surfaces with a tensile film, dowels will be needed. At this stage of work, the owners will be able to avoid premature destruction of the insulation. The foundation for the roof terrace is hollow core slabs. Their main purpose is to protect the structure and the entire building from moisture, severe frosts and large amounts of precipitation.
The thermal insulation membrane is attached using wooden slats and metal brackets. And if you need to protect the outer part of the terrace from the piercing cold, it is more profitable to use polyurethane foam. This material is not flammable, does not corrode and does not lose its performance properties when exposed to constant ultraviolet radiation.
This design consists of several elements
Wooden and concrete floors
If the house is built of wood, the flooring for the terrace is selected from the same material. Unlike brick, it is not able to withstand heavy physical loads. With improper care and installation, it quickly loses its attractiveness and loses its original density. But the construction and finishing of such structures takes a minimum of time. And if you do not make technical errors, the minimum shelf life of the terrace will be 25–30 years.
Installation of wooden floors includes:
- correct installation of beams - to install fences, the walls of the structure are raised above the ceiling by 80–100 cm;
- arrangement of a rough ceiling - usually it is “hemmed” to the bottom of the beams;
- performing finishing cladding from eurolining - unlike conventional edged boards, this material eliminates the possibility of condensation occurring in the future;
- laying thermal insulation materials between the beams - this is necessary to create a favorable microclimate on the terrace during periods of snow frosts and rain with hail.
Reinforced concrete slabs are considered a more durable foundation for open-type structures. Their installation will require specialized equipment, which, of course, will entail additional costs. But since such terraces can withstand loads of several tens of tons, they can accommodate a small beauty salon, fitness center or, for example, a hairdresser. This means that the costs will be covered quickly.
Ideally, reinforced concrete slabs are laid on cement mortar. Then the concrete screed is poured. At the same time, it is important to maintain the optimal angle of inclination of the structure, otherwise melt water will jeopardize the integrity of all structures. The walls will begin to become damp, and cracks will appear in the floor. It is better to use a vapor barrier membrane as insulation. And since it is laid in a single layer, even an inexperienced builder can handle this process.
The top layer of the protective “pie” should be a concrete screed. The optimal coating thickness is 5–6 cm.
Advantages of combining a bathhouse with a gazebo
Extensions to bathhouses have become widespread in recent years. This is far from an accident. Such associations have many advantages that attract people who want to start construction.
Adding a gazebo to the bathhouse will save space on the site Source erp-mta.ru
The main advantages are as follows:
- When you want to go out and get some air, you won’t need to wander around the yard. You can sit comfortably at the table. It is not only convenient, but also pleasant.
- Combining two buildings makes it possible to save space in the yard. This is especially true if the area is small.
- Easy to connect communications. This is much easier to do, because many organizational issues are eliminated. For example, when providing lighting for a gazebo, you can use a power cable and a bathhouse switchboard.
- Construction of a gazebo as an extension to a bathhouse will cost approximately 30% less than if you build the same structure separately.
An additional plus is aesthetics. The combined objects look quite beautiful.
Waterproofing
First you need to stock up on roll materials, which contain predominantly bitumen. And since people will walk on the roof every day, an additional layer of gravel will be required. Do you want to speed up your work? Then it is better to use more expensive, but at the same time high-quality membrane materials. They do not deteriorate in the cold, absorb noise well and are preserved in chemically aggressive environments.
Where they abut walls and other vertical structures on the roof, they are secured with ballast. The remaining surfaces are covered with pebbles or expanded clay. If there is a large amount of furniture on the roof, the materials will be fastened manually using self-tapping screws. In regions with difficult climatic conditions, installation is not complete without adhesives.
Of the many waterproofing methods, experts first recommend:
- Traditional. Provides several layers of roofing material, which must extend onto the walls. At the junction of layers, it is preferable to use sand, or even better, construction talc.
- Method of laying floor covering on a layer of waterproofing. In this case, rubber mats, resins and mineral additives will be required, and the final layer will be a mixture of sand and cement.
- Drainage mats for high-quality drainage, secured with a screed. For better effect, roofing material is laid under the mats.
Execution options
Depending on the type of construction, the sauna gazebo can be open or closed. An open structure is considered to be a light structure that has a single roof and floor combined with a bathhouse. The roof is often placed on supports, which are sometimes connected by railings or combined with curbs. This will allow you to most accurately mark the border of the territory. This option is considered more profitable from a monetary point of view, because there is no need to erect walls or permanent partitions.
Bathhouse with an open gazebo Source pynari.kapigyzes.ru.net
A closed one is considered a permanent building because it has panoramic windows and real walls. What it looks like is shown in the figure:
A closed gazebo near the bathhouse will allow you to continue relaxing over a meal after the steam room in the winter Source erp-mta.ru
How to build?
Foundation
You can build a lightweight structure with one floor on a flat surface and not attach it to the base, but for a two-story gazebo you will need to build a foundation
.
When installing a frame structure, vertical posts should be installed. The ideal option for such a structure would be to use a point foundation
. The cost of such work is relatively low, and moreover, you will need to spend a minimal amount of time on it.
The optimal cross-section of foundation supports is 0.4x0.4 m (or so). It is recommended to choose solid blocks or bricks to create the base
.
Monolithic pillars
Foundation supports can also be monolithic. The design will be more durable, but this option is more expensive. You can pour the foundation directly into the ground (if the walls of the hole are strictly vertical and the hole itself has the correct geometry). The pillars are brought to the surface by 0.2 m, no more
. However, for greater reliability, many prefer to use formwork.
- Dig a hole about 0.3 m deep. The formwork box will need to be installed around the perimeter of the excavation. Then take polyethylene and cover the hole and formwork with it. It will prevent the penetration of ground moisture and prevent liquid from escaping from the concrete.
- The reinforcement cage must be lowered into the column. You should immediately make formwork for each support. The concrete will have to harden to a certain extent. It is necessary to wait until it hardens, and this is one of the disadvantages of this method.
- Usually the formwork is removed a week after pouring. Installation can continue in approximately two weeks.
Fastening
If the foundation is monolithic, then special units can be provided to secure the wooden columns. If you have cast a rod into the foundation, make a hole in the vertical beam and place it on the support. After this, you will only need to take care of additional fastening.
Additionally, you can secure the frame using wooden dowels, struts, brackets or steel angles
. When installing vertical elements, you need to constantly check whether they are level.
For structures with one floor, one post is usually enough, but for two-story structures it is recommended to install 2-3 posts in the corners
. This way you will make the gazebo as stable as possible. The distance between the vertical elements depends on the size of the gazebo, as well as on the type of structure.
The height of vertical posts varies. You can install a vertical element along the entire height of the structure: it will be a solid column. This is a rather difficult option for doing construction work yourself. You can choose another method: how to build up the vertical elements of the 2nd floor onto the racks of the 1st
.
Having installed and secured the pillars of the 1st floor, begin to install the floor beams, which should be located between the floors. They are held in place by a cross strap. You will also need to take care of additional fastening. Craftsmen use a variety of methods that allow them to reliably connect various elements. This is, for example, the use of hidden spikes that prevent the beams from moving.
A two-story gazebo in the country is a comfortable and functional place to relax in the fresh air. Such a building is built taking into account the number of people in the family and the area of the land.
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Project of a two-story wooden gazebo with barbecue and barbecue
A two-story gazebo has the following advantages:
- Multifunctionality - this design is large in size, so it can be divided into several zones. Experts advise dividing the space of the gazebo into two floors into a summer and winter zone. You can make a separate children's corner.
- Aesthetics - such buildings decorate the dacha.
- Space saving - in a small area you can build such a spacious structure as a two-story gazebo with an open terrace.
- Complete rest - the structure in question will allow all family members to enjoy the sunrise and sunset.
It is built according to a previously prepared project. You can use ready-made ones or prepare projects yourself. You must first decide on the functionality and season of use (all year round or in summer) of the building.
The best ideas for implementation
Considering that this market segment is growing rapidly, demand creates supply, and designers create hundreds of interesting and exclusive solutions.
Closed gazebos can be considered full-fledged rooms in bathhouses. Therefore, to add coziness, fireplaces and sometimes even barbecues and barbecues are added to them. A fireplace will create a pleasant atmosphere, and it will be pleasant to be in the room at any time of the year. Panoramic windows with comfortable furniture and a fireplace look very attractive:
Gazebo near the bathhouse with panoramic windows Source archilovers.com
A great idea would be to install sliding doors on the veranda. This will allow you to arrange frequent indoor gatherings in the summer, turning it almost into an open space:
Sliding doors in the gazebo Source erp-mta.ru
Another compromise option for building a bathhouse with a gazebo is to build an extension in a semi-open version. In such structures, only two walls need to be built and attached. This will make you feel more comfortable than indoors, because there will be no drafts or stuffiness. This is a great option for those who need a sauna with a barbecue under one roof, or you can add a brick fireplace, as shown in the photo:
Brick stove-fireplace in the gazebo near the bathhouse Source erp-mta.ru
Beautiful DIY wooden gazebo
A simple rectangular structure with a gable roof and beautifully designed side walls. The gazebo was assembled from ready-made forms; all the details of the project were made to order according to the author’s personal drawings. The third photo shows the modules manufactured in the workshop. The structure is installed on a red brick foundation. See step-by-step photographs for assembly procedure. Due to the uneven terrain, the gazebo is slightly raised; the staircase apparently was not included in the author’s plans, so a temporary option was made.
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b265fb0da0c35c793771e5cc629d4934.jpe
Photo source fishki.net/52871-besedka-svoimi-rukami-25-foto.htmlAuthor forester86
Construction materials
The choice of materials for building a bathhouse with a terrace and barbecue under one roof is quite wide. From an aesthetic point of view, owners of combined options for recreation areas are recommended to take into account the stylistic features of the adjacent landscape.
Often for the construction of such structures they use:
- Foam concrete. Working with this material is very simple, especially if it is in the form of blocks. Due to the relatively light weight of the gazebo, there is no need to strengthen the base of the bathhouse if the terrace is not built simultaneously with the bathhouse, but is added later. The blocks are easily cut with a hacksaw. When choosing foam concrete, it is recommended to pay attention to ventilation and the quality of vapor barrier. This should be done when drawing up a plan. It is advisable to carry out waterproofing work during masonry.
A bathhouse with a gazebo made of foam blocks requires mandatory finishing Source kblok.ru
- Beam. This building material has long been used for the construction of various objects, because it has been tested by time. Its advantages: environmental friendliness and low thermal conductivity. Thanks to the second advantage, you will be able to save a lot when performing thermal insulation work. When building a bathhouse with a gazebo made of timber, there will always be a pleasant woody aroma inside, which is good for health due to its healing properties and is pleasant to the sense of smell.
A timber bathhouse with a gazebo will look good on any site Source erp-mta.ru
- Bricks. They are called artificial stone for a reason. They are not afraid of frost and are heat-resistant. Therefore, they are great for a bath. A gazebo with a sauna made of brick will last for decades. But also, if a house with a gazebo under one roof is made of brick, it will look quite beautiful:
Brick bathhouse project Source erp-mta.ru
- Stones. Due to its high cost, it is often used only as a finishing material. Compared to wood, stone is more durable, but not everyone likes the way it looks. In stone baths with gazebos, it is necessary to provide thermal insulation and supply and exhaust ventilation. A distinctive feature of stone baths is their slight shrinkage.
The structure of a stone bath is strong and reliable, but it will cost a penny Source sv.decoratex.biz
- Wood concrete. Better known as wood concrete. This material began to be used for construction in the 20th century. The composition of wood concrete includes: reeds, wood chips or small sawdust, organic matter and straw. Cement acts as a binding base. The main advantages are durability, dampens sound waves, and is resistant to climate changes. But, due to the lack of aesthetic appearance, decorative work will need to be carried out after the walls are erected.
Building a bathhouse from wood concrete is not aesthetically pleasing in appearance, but decorative finishing will transform it Source smihub.com
Typical building sizes
Standard bath structure with an attic and a small porch measuring 6*6 m. The foundation under the attached canopy is columnar. The cladding material of the main building is block house.
This is an example of a typical log bathhouse with a small veranda - 6*4 m. A company of 3-4 people can accommodate here. A larger number of vacationers is allowed, but it will be a bit crowded inside.
The standard choice for summer residents is a 4*4 m bathhouse. With a terrace of 8 square meters. m can comfortably accommodate a family of 4 people. If you expand the extension to 15 sq. m, then the number of vacationers will be increased to 10 people.
Tips for arrangement
If the bathhouse with a gazebo and barbecue under one roof is ready, you should move on to the last stage: arranging a new room. It’s hard to imagine a cozy gazebo without a table, chairs and compact armchairs. If desired, you can add a rocking chair or a soft sofa. Furniture with soft pillows is in demand. If you have a barbecue, a bar counter will be an excellent addition to it.
Considering that people spend time in the gazebo at late times, care should be taken about high-quality lighting. Chandeliers hanging down will add atmosphere. For this task, it is also recommended to place flowers in the corners. The type of chandelier should be chosen in accordance with other decorative elements.
Decor and landscaping
For a large roof terrace, three lamps are enough. The correct arrangement of furniture helps to clearly delineate the areas of sleep, relaxation and active entertainment. Pots with flowering begonias and decorative trees can be a chic addition to the interior.
See also: how to organize effective lighting on the terrace.
A cozy terrace can be organized not only on the roof of a private house. If you have the appropriate technical documentation, this can also be done by residents of multi-storey buildings. True, the process will take much longer for them. The main snag is in engineering communications. Satellite dishes, air conditioners and exhaust systems cannot be dismantled. And if you leave them, it may not be possible to bring the planned project to life.
A thorough examination of the roof for resistance to physical stress will take at least a month, and most importantly, not all residents can consent to construction work. As a result, the idea of creating a secluded corner on the roof will remain unrealized.
Corner shape of a bathhouse combined with a terrace
The location of the bathhouse in the corner of the site is often the most rational solution. The “L” shape contributes to the compact placement of the object on the territory.
A corner bathhouse will fit well into the corner of the site and will not become a hindrance in the yard Source pk-soft.info
In such a project you can place:
- steam room;
- living area with sofa;
- fireplace,
- veranda with dining area;
- separate boiler room;
- shower room
Depending on the budget and the capabilities of the site (availability of free meters), projects for a corner bathhouse with a terrace under one roof can be supplemented with a swimming pool. As a rule, it is installed either inside the building, using panoramic windows as walls, or at the exit from the gazebo, directly on the street.
Floor decoration
Any coating used for flooring must be able to withstand the load well. An important characteristic is its compatibility with the landscape and decor of the terrace. If you combine these requirements, then the optimal choice for flooring would be wood and its varieties or tiles.
- Porcelain tiles. An ideal material for homes in a modern style and rooms decorated with siding. Porcelain tile has practically no disadvantages: it is quite strong, durable, resistant to moisture, rotting and adverse natural factors. The only possible disadvantage is a slippery floor covering, but the range of manufacturers makes it possible to minimize this disadvantage.
- A decking board or decking will provide unique comfort indoors. When arranging a completely wooden floor, you need to choose only durable wood: pine, oak, teak. For additional reliability, the material is coated with varnish, stain and antiseptic at the manufacturing stage, so the special decking board has a long service life. When arranging wide terraces, be sure to provide additional stiffeners: this will protect the structure from sagging.
